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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 14, 2025

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A Partial Discharge Detection Approach in Distribution Cabinets Using a Mach-Zehnder Interferometer.

Junliang Wang1, Ying Zhang1, Xiang Gu2

  • 1School of Microelectronics, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|April 12, 2025
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a fiber-optic Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) for detecting partial discharge (PD) in distribution cabinets. The MZI sensor effectively captures PD acoustic pulses, offering superior performance over traditional methods.

Keywords:
Mach–Zehnder interferometerdistribution cabinetspartial dischargeultrasonic waves

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Area of Science:

  • Electrical Engineering
  • Optical Sensing
  • Power Systems

Background:

  • Distribution cabinets are critical in power supply systems.
  • Internal partial discharge (PD) poses risks of power interruption and fire.
  • Existing PD detection methods may have limitations in sensitivity and frequency response.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose and validate a novel partial discharge (PD) detection approach using a fiber-optic Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI).
  • To evaluate the performance of the MZI sensor compared to traditional piezoelectric transducers (PZT).
  • To demonstrate the practical application potential of fiber-optic sensing in distribution cabinets.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a true-type distribution cabinet partial discharge experimental platform.
  • Utilization of a fiber-optic Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) with fiber wound as the sensing element.
  • Comparison of three fiber-optic sensors (50mm, 80mm, 100mm diameter) against a PZT sensor.

Main Results:

  • The fiber-optic MZI sensor effectively captured PD acoustic pulses, with amplitude comparable to PZT sensors.
  • The MZI system exhibited higher frequency response and longer effective detection time for PD pulses than PZT.
  • An 8 cm diameter fiber-optic coil sensor demonstrated optimal performance.

Conclusions:

  • The fiber-optic MZI sensing method shows superior performance for PD detection in distribution cabinets.
  • This approach offers significant potential for engineering practice in power distribution.
  • Fiber-optic sensing provides a reliable and effective alternative for monitoring internal partial discharge.