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Social Traps01:41

Social Traps

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Social traps are negative situations where people get caught in a direction or relationship that later proves to be unpleasant, with no easy way to back out of or avoid. The concept was orignally introduced by John Platt who applied psychology to Garrett Hardin's "Tragedy of the Commons", where in New England herd owners could let their cattle graze in the common ground. This situation seems like a good idea, but an individual could have an advantage. If they owned...
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Social Exchange Theory02:06

Social Exchange Theory

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We have discussed why we form relationships, what attracts us to others, and different types of love. But what determines whether we are satisfied with and stay in a relationship? One theory that provides an explanation is social exchange theory. According to social exchange theory, we act as naïve economists in keeping a tally of the ratio of costs and benefits of forming and maintaining a relationship with others (Rusbult & Van Lange, 2003).
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Short-distance Transport of Resources02:12

Short-distance Transport of Resources

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Short-distance transport refers to transport that occurs over a distance of just 2-3 cells, crossing the plasma membrane in the process. Small uncharged molecules, such as oxygen, carbon dioxide, and water, can diffuse across the plasma membrane on their own. In contrast, ions and larger molecules require the assistance of transport proteins due to their charge or size. Transport across membranes also occurs within individual cells, playing a variety of essential roles for the plant as a whole.
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Social Scripts02:10

Social Scripts

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People tend to know what behavior is expected of them in specific, familiar settings. A script is a person’s knowledge about the sequence of events expected in a specific setting (Schank & Abelson, 1977). Essentially, scripts are a particular kind of schema, one containing default values for the features within an event. In the restaurant example, the script's features include the props (e.g., tables, menu, food, and money), the roles to be played (e.g., customer and waiter),...
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Distributed Loads: Problem Solving01:21

Distributed Loads: Problem Solving

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Beams are structural elements commonly employed in engineering applications requiring different load-carrying capacities. The first step in analyzing a beam under a distributed load is to simplify the problem by dividing the load into smaller regions, which allows one to consider each region separately and calculate the magnitude of the equivalent resultant load acting on each portion of the beam. The magnitude of the equivalent resultant load for each region can be determined by calculating...
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Social Facilitation01:04

Social Facilitation

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Not all intergroup interactions lead to negative outcomes. Sometimes, being in a group situation can improve performance. Social facilitation occurs when an individual performs better when an audience is watching than when the individual performs the behavior alone. This typically occurs when people are performing a task for which they are skilled.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 14, 2025

Large Scale Energy Efficient Sensor Network Routing Using a Quantum Processor Unit
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A Score-Based Game Approach Considering Resource Heterogeneity and Social Dynamics for Traffic Optimization in Social

Muhammad Muneer Umar1, Ali F Almutairi2,3, Shafiullah Khan4

  • 1Institute of Computing, Kohat University of Science & Technology, Kohat 26000, Pakistan.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|April 12, 2025
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a new method to improve cooperation in Social Internet of Things (SIoT) networks by incentivizing nodes using a virtual currency game. The approach enhances network performance by considering social and behavioral factors alongside topology.

Keywords:
routing in SIoTselfish node managementsocial internet of thingstrustworthy routing

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Area of Science:

  • Computer Science
  • Network Engineering
  • Artificial Intelligence

Background:

  • Social Internet of Things (SIoT) networks integrate human-like social concepts for enhanced scalability.
  • Selfish behavior among nodes, driven by social dissimilarity, can degrade SIoT network performance.
  • Existing node stimulation mechanisms neglect crucial social and behavioral factors in SIoT.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose a novel node stimulation scheme for SIoT networks.
  • To incorporate social, behavioral, and topological characteristics into node stimulation.
  • To enhance cooperation and overall network performance in SIoT.

Main Methods:

  • A virtual currency-based game incentivizes cooperation among SIoT nodes.
  • The mechanism considers proximity, energy, buffer size, relay correlation, and data quality.
  • Social factors like preference, importance, history, and vital data transfer probability are integrated.

Main Results:

  • The proposed mechanism significantly improves energy efficiency.
  • Enhanced throughput and packet delivery ratio were observed.
  • Reduced end-to-end delay compared to existing approaches.

Conclusions:

  • The novel stimulation scheme effectively boosts cooperation in SIoT networks.
  • The integration of social and behavioral factors leads to superior network performance.
  • This approach offers a robust solution for optimizing SIoT operations.