Assessing the Knowledge and Beliefs of Greek Dietitians and Nutritionists on Nutritional Genomics: A Survey-Based...

Background/Objectives: The field of Nutritional Genomics represents a growing area of interest among dietitians and nutritionists. However, knowledge gaps persist globally, limiting the effective application of this science. This study aims to evaluate the demographic characteristics, knowledge levels, and perspectives of Greek dietitians and nutritionists regarding Nutritional Genomics. Methods: A survey was conducted among 155 Greek dietitians and nutritionists from diverse educational and professional backgrounds. A 25-item questionnaire was designed to assess knowledge in Nutritional Genomics, with reliability measured by Cronbach's Alpha (α = 0.867). Statistical analyses, including chi-square tests and regression modeling, were employed to explore associations between knowledge scores [S (total), E (easy questions), and H (hard questions) scores] and demographic or professional factors. Participants' views on the clinical utility and future implications of Nutritional Genomics were also assessed. Results: On average, participants replied correctly to 57.7% (±21.7%) of the questions, with significant differences observed based on education level, employment status, and prior interest in genetics. Women demonstrated higher S and E scores compared to men (p = 0.046 and p = 0.006, respectively), while younger participants (26-35 years) outperformed those over 45 years (p = 0.019). Despite moderate knowledge levels, 76.8% believed Nutritional Genomics could benefit their clients, and 77.4% expressed interest in specializing in this field. Conclusions: Greek dietitians and nutritionists exhibited moderate knowledge in Nutritional Genomics, similar to international findings. Education level, age, and prior exposure to genetics significantly influenced knowledge scores. These results underscore the need for the integration of Nutritional Genomics into dietetic curricula and continuing professional education.