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Area of Science:

Quantum cryptography
Optical communication systems
Information theory

Background:

Secure communication is crucial for optical networks.
Existing schemes face challenges in balancing security and data rates.
Novel modulation and encryption techniques are needed for advanced optical access.

Purpose of the Study:

To propose a quantum noise-like stream cipher scheme.
To enhance security and data transmission efficiency in optical systems.
To leverage joint index modulation (JIM) and constellation shaping for improved performance.

Main Methods:

Utilized subcarrier index modulation and dual-mode index techniques.
Constructed an odd-order 9-Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (9QAM) signal with optimized index rules.
Employed a 4D hyper-chaotic system for multi-dimensional disturbances and noise bit introduction.
Achieved constellation shaping to escalate 9QAM to 576QAM.

Main Results:

Successfully transmitted a 2.94 Gb/s quantum noise stream signal over 25 km IMDD system.
Achieved a 0.7 dB gain at Forward Error Correction (FEC) = 3.8 × 10⁻³ compared to random distribution.
Maintained a bit error rate (BER) of 0 for key transmission, with abrupt increase to 0.5 upon misalignment.
Demonstrated stability with consistent masked signal power and detection failure probability around 1.
Key space of 10¹⁴⁹ effectively counters brute-force attacks.

Conclusions:

The proposed JIM-576QAM1 scheme offers high reliability and security for optical access applications.
The system exhibits high sensitivity and accuracy for key transmission.
The scheme effectively counters brute-force attacks, ensuring robust security.