Effects of Dance Programs on Fundamental Motor Skills in Preschool Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Introduction: This systematic review aimed to analyze the literature on the effects of dance program as a strategy to improve fundamental motor skills in preschool children. Methods: Randomized clinical trials and comparative studies were searched in three electronic databases (Web of Science, PubMed, and Scopus) until March 2025. The methodological quality of included studies was assessed using the Physiotherapy Evidence Database and Methodological Index for Non-Randomized Studies scales. Results: A total of five randomized clinical trials and six comparative studies were included. The results obtained indicated that dancing programs led to improvements in motor skills. In addition to overall motor skills improvement, dance programs were found to be effective in enhancing body coordination and balance in preschool children. The performed meta-analysis with data from 149 participants, indicated a significant difference on static balance in dance groups compared to control (Hedges' g 0.43; 95% CI -0.47; 1.32, P = .021). Conclusions: The evidence from this systematic review strongly advocates for the integration of dance programs into the preschool curriculum. Dancing practices stimulates the development of fundamental motor skills, leading to improvements in body coordination and balance.