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Published on: December 8, 2016
Engineered 3D mesenchymal stem cell aggregates with multifunctional prowess for bone regeneration: Current status and
Linxue Zhang1, Xiaojing Yuan1, Rui Song1
1Department of Pediatrics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health, NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Beijing 100081, PR China.
Three-dimensional (3D) cell aggregates enhance mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for bone regeneration by improving cell function and enabling biomaterial integration. This approach addresses challenges in stem cell therapy for bone repair.
Area of Science:
- Biomedical Engineering
- Stem Cell Biology
- Regenerative Medicine
Background:
- In vitro expanded mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) show impaired efficacy, hindering clinical bone regeneration applications.
- Challenges include slow healing, host metabolic variations, and complex cell interactions.
- Three-dimensional (3D) cell aggregates offer improved cell-matrix interactions and mimic in vivo conditions, supporting stemness and bone formation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To elucidate the phenotypic characteristics of MSCs within 3D aggregates.
- To review methods for creating functionalized MSC aggregates using biomaterials.
- To propose solutions for enhancing MSC therapeutic value in bone tissue repair.
Main Methods:
- Review of current literature on MSCs in 3D aggregates.
- Analysis of phenotypic changes and regenerative behaviors.
- Summary of biomaterial strategies for MSC aggregate functionalization.
Main Results:
- 3D aggregates enhance MSC adhesion, viability, proliferation, pluripotency, and immunoregulation.
- Biomaterial hybridization provides tunable mechanical and biological properties for MSC aggregates.
- Functionalized MSC aggregates show potential for diverse clinical bone regeneration scenarios.
Conclusions:
- 3D MSC aggregates represent a promising strategy to overcome limitations of traditional MSC therapy for bone regeneration.
- Biomaterial integration further optimizes MSC aggregates for enhanced therapeutic outcomes.
- This approach holds significant potential for advancing bone tissue engineering and clinical translation.
