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Current Status of Electroencephalography Microstate in Psychiatric Disorders: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Ágota Vass1, Kinga Farkas1, Orsolya Lányi1
1Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
Summary
Electroencephalography (EEG) microstates C and D show potential as biomarkers for schizophrenia, with alterations linked to psychosis severity and treatment. Further research is needed for mood and neurodevelopmental disorders.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Psychiatry
- Biomarker Research
Background:
- Electroencephalography (EEG) microstates are emerging biomarkers for psychiatric conditions.
- Previous meta-analyses primarily focused on schizophrenia and mood disorders.
- This study broadens the scope to include psychosis and mood spectra, including medication effects in schizophrenia.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate EEG microstate variations across psychotic and mood disorders.
- To assess the impact of medication on schizophrenia microstate properties.
- To identify potential microstate biomarkers for psychiatric conditions.
Main Methods:
- Systematic literature search adhering to PRISMA guidelines.
- Inclusion of 24 studies across psychotic and mood disorder categories.
- Subgroup analysis of medicated versus unmedicated schizophrenia patients.
Main Results:
- Microstate C showed increased coverage and occurrence in schizophrenia spectrum disorders, and increased duration in schizophrenia.
- Microstate C alterations were not significant in medicated schizophrenia patients, suggesting state-dependency or treatment modulation.
- Microstate D exhibited decreased duration and coverage in unmedicated schizophrenia patients, potentially indicating links to acute psychotic states.
Conclusions:
- Microstates C and D show promise as biomarkers for schizophrenia, with D linked to acute symptoms and C to chronic course or treatment effects.
- Microstate analysis holds clinical potential for diagnosing and monitoring psychotic disorders.
- Limited research exists on microstate variations in neurodevelopmental and mood disorders, necessitating further investigation.
