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Exosomal CCT3 as a biomarker for diagnosis and immune therapy response in patients diagnosed with hepatocellular carcinoma

  • 0School of Medicine, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300071, China; Nankai University Affiliated Eye Hospital, Nankai University, Tianjin, China; Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin Key Lab of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin Eye Institute, Tianjin, China.
Digestive and Liver Disease : Official Journal of the Italian Society of Gastroenterology and the Italian Association for the Study of the Liver +

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April 12, 2025

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April 12, 2025

View abstract on PubMed

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Exosomal CCT3 shows promise as a biomarker for diagnosing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and predicting response to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy by influencing immune cell activity.

Area Of Science

  • Oncology
  • Immunology
  • Biochemistry

Background

  • Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading cause of cancer mortality with limited diagnostic and therapeutic biomarkers.
  • Tumor-derived exosomes (TDEs) offer a source of potential biomarkers for cancer screening.
  • Current challenges include identifying reliable markers for HCC diagnosis and predicting response to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy.

Purpose Of The Study

  • To identify novel biomarkers for HCC diagnosis.
  • To discover biomarkers that predict response to ICB therapy in HCC patients.
  • To investigate the role of exosomal proteins in HCC progression and immune response.

Main Methods

  • Integrated analysis of gene expression data from TCGA, GEO, and ExoCarta databases.
  • Differential gene expression analysis to identify candidate biomarkers.
  • Validation of CCT3 expression in HCC patient samples using qPCR, Western blotting, and IHC.

Main Results

  • Exosomal CCT3 was identified as a significant potential biomarker for HCC.
  • CCT3 expression was validated in various stages of HCC and adjacent normal tissues.
  • CCT3 expression correlated with increased activated natural killer cells and immune checkpoint expression in HCC.
  • HCC-derived exosomes were found to increase CCT3 enrichment.

Conclusions

  • Exosomal CCT3 serves as a promising biomarker for HCC diagnosis.
  • CCT3 is a potential predictive biomarker for ICB therapy response in HCC.
  • CCT3 may exert its effects through MYC pathway activation and modulation of immune infiltration.

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