Online learning in nursing education: A 21st century bibliometric analysis

Online learning has become an integral part of nursing education, especially in response to the growing reliance on technology and the global transition to remote learning.

This study explored research outputs and impact, collaborative networks, and thematic trends in online learning within nursing education to guide future educational advancements.

A bibliometric analysis was conducted using the Web of Science database to examine publications spanning from 2000 to August 2024. VOSviewer and Biblioshiny were utilized to assess publication trends, co-authorship, co-citation, and keyword co-occurrence, providing a comprehensive view of the research landscape. Descriptive statistics and visualizations were employed to enhance clarity and facilitate interpretation of key findings.

The dataset encompassed 703 institutions across 56 countries, demonstrating the global scope of online learning research in nursing education. Publication output grew steadily, reaching a peak of 111 articles in 2022 (17 % of the total). The United States led with 555 publications and 2669 citations, followed by Australia (n = 92), Canada (n = 62), and Iran (n = 45). Co-authorship analysis revealed dense regional networks, with the University System of Ohio and the University of North Carolina as central hubs, though international collaborations were sparse. Keyword co-occurrence analysis identified three primary thematic clusters: (1) the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, (2) student engagement, readiness, and motivation, and (3) technological integration and pedagogical approaches.

This bibliometric analysis provides a comprehensive overview of online learning research in nursing education, highlighting its growth, thematic focus areas, and collaborative networks. The findings serve as a foundation for advancing evidence-based, inclusive, and innovative educational practices. Online learning is no longer a peripheral aspect of nursing education but a cornerstone for driving excellence, equity, and innovation. By addressing existing gaps and embracing emerging opportunities, stakeholders can reimagine nursing education to better prepare students for the challenges of modern healthcare.