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Stress-related psychiatric disorders.
Abbas Al Bazzal1, Mohammad Ali Mtairek2, Mohammad Hadi Awde2
1Faculty of Medical Science, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon; Medical Learning Skills Academy, Beirut, Lebanon.
Progress in Brain Research
|April 13, 2025
Summary
Chronic stress disrupts the body's balance, causing cumulative damage to brain regions like the hippocampus and potentially initiating psychiatric disorders. Neuroimaging reveals structural and functional brain changes linked to stress.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Psychiatry
- Stress Research
Background:
- Stress is a natural response, but chronic stress disrupts homeostasis.
- Systemic reactions are controlled by the brain via immunological, neuroendocrine, and metabolic pathways.
- Long-term stress causes cumulative damage to brain regions like the hippocampus, amygdala, and hypothalamus.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore the molecular mechanisms and neurobiological changes caused by stress.
- To demonstrate neuroimaging techniques for studying stress effects.
- To offer potential treatments for mitigating negative stress impacts.
Main Methods:
- Review of molecular mechanisms and neurobiological changes.
- Demonstration of neuroimaging techniques (e.g., fMRI, PET).
- Analysis of anatomical and functional alterations in stress-affected brain regions.
Main Results:
- Chronic stress leads to cumulative damage in key brain areas.
- Neuroimaging shows structural and functional alterations in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus.
- Stress is linked to emotional dysregulation, cognitive decline, and psychiatric disorders like depression and anxiety.
Conclusions:
- Persistent stress significantly impacts brain structure and function.
- Neuroimaging is crucial for understanding stress-related psychiatric conditions.
- Further research into treatments is needed to mitigate the adverse effects of chronic stress.
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