Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Frustration and Conflict: Avoidance-Avoidance, Double-Approach Avoidance01:14

Frustration and Conflict: Avoidance-Avoidance, Double-Approach Avoidance

26
Avoidance-avoidance conflict refers to a psychological situation where a person must choose between two or more unpleasant alternatives. These conflicts are particularly stressful because neither option is desirable. This dilemma is often expressed in sayings like "caught between a rock and a hard place" or "between the devil and the deep blue sea." For instance, individuals who fear dental procedures may find themselves torn between enduring a painful toothache or facing the...
26
Cognitive Dissonance01:38

Cognitive Dissonance

32.3K
Social psychologists have documented that feeling good about ourselves and maintaining positive self-esteem is a powerful motivator of human behavior (Tavris & Aronson, 2008). In the United States, members of the predominant culture typically think very highly of themselves and view themselves as good people who are above average on many desirable traits (Ehrlinger, Gilovich, & Ross, 2005). Often, our behavior, attitudes, and beliefs are affected when we experience a threat to our...
32.3K
Frustration and Conflict: Approach-Approach, Approach-Avoidance01:20

Frustration and Conflict: Approach-Approach, Approach-Avoidance

22
Frustration occurs when people are obstructed or prevented from achieving a desired goal or fulfilling a perceived need. For example, when someone's input is ignored in a discussion, it can lead to feelings of frustration. Conflict, however, arises from opposing interests, goals, or actions. Conflicts can take various forms based on the nature of these opposing desires or goals.
One common type of conflict is the Approach–Approach Conflict. In this case, a person faces two desirable...
22
Robbers Cave04:49

Robbers Cave

14.2K
During the 1950s, the landmark Robbers Cave experiment demonstrated that when groups must compete with one another, intergroup conflict, hostility, and even violence may result. At the Oklahoman summer camp, two troops of boys—termed the Rattlers and the Eagles—took part in a week-long tournament. During this time, their negativity culminated in derogatory name-calling, fistfights, and even vandalism and destruction of property. However, this work also revealed that such tension...
14.2K
Stereotypes, Prejudice, and Discrimination02:55

Stereotypes, Prejudice, and Discrimination

89.6K
Humans are very diverse and although we share many similarities, we also have many differences. The social groups we belong to help form our identities (Tajfel, 1974). These differences may be difficult for some people to reconcile, which may lead to prejudice toward people who are different. Prejudice is a negative attitude and feeling toward an individual based solely on one’s membership in a particular social group (Allport, 1954; Brown, 2010). Prejudice is common against people who...
89.6K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

EXPRESS: The Effect of Response-code on Stroop Interference and Facilitation.

Quarterly journal of experimental psychology (2006)·2026
Same author

Is "sky" bluer than "grass" is green? Word-color associations dataset for cognitive science.

Behavior research methods·2026
Same author

Item-specific control of word reading as evidenced by a novel proportion wordness effect.

Memory & cognition·2026
Same author

Are fear learning, interpretation bias training and global-local processing related to social anxiety? An individual differences study.

Cognitive behaviour therapy·2026
Same author

Development and validation of the Sensitivity to Intrusiveness Questionnaire.

Frontiers in psychiatry·2026
Same author

Irrelevant Task Difficulty Modulates the Emergence of Task Conflict.

Journal of cognition·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 13, 2025

Examining Bilingual Language Control Using the Stroop Task
05:31

Examining Bilingual Language Control Using the Stroop Task

Published on: February 26, 2020

14.5K

Disentangling task conflict and information conflict in the Stroop task.

Eldad Keha1, Eyal Kalanthroff2

  • 1Department of Psychology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel; Department of Psychology, Achva Academic College, Arugot, Israel.

Consciousness and Cognition
|April 13, 2025
PubMed
Summary

This study on the Stroop task reveals task conflict can occur independently of information conflict. Findings suggest information conflict further activates task control mechanisms.

More Related Videos

The Emotional Stroop Task: Assessing Cognitive Performance under Exposure to Emotional Content
07:21

The Emotional Stroop Task: Assessing Cognitive Performance under Exposure to Emotional Content

Published on: June 29, 2016

38.2K
Training Synesthetic Letter-color Associations by Reading in Color
10:27

Training Synesthetic Letter-color Associations by Reading in Color

Published on: February 20, 2014

22.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 13, 2025

Examining Bilingual Language Control Using the Stroop Task
05:31

Examining Bilingual Language Control Using the Stroop Task

Published on: February 26, 2020

14.5K
The Emotional Stroop Task: Assessing Cognitive Performance under Exposure to Emotional Content
07:21

The Emotional Stroop Task: Assessing Cognitive Performance under Exposure to Emotional Content

Published on: June 29, 2016

38.2K
Training Synesthetic Letter-color Associations by Reading in Color
10:27

Training Synesthetic Letter-color Associations by Reading in Color

Published on: February 20, 2014

22.8K

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Human-Computer Interaction

Background:

  • The Stroop task is a widely used paradigm to study cognitive control.
  • Previous research has yielded inconsistent findings regarding the interplay of task and information conflict.
  • Potential confounds like frequency and contingency learning effects have complicated interpretations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the independent contribution of task conflict in the Stroop task.
  • To clarify the relationship between task conflict and information conflict.
  • To resolve inconsistencies in prior Stroop task research.

Main Methods:

  • Recruitment of 500 participants for a color-word Stroop task.
  • Randomization into four groups varying in trial type (congruent/incongruent) and stimulus type (words/symbols).
  • Measurement of task conflict, defined as the difference in reaction times between neutral words and neutral shapes, while controlling for learning effects.

Main Results:

  • A significant task conflict was observed in the 'mostly symbols with congruent trials' condition, independent of information conflict.
  • Task conflict measures were elevated in the presence of incongruent trials.
  • Evidence suggests that information conflict modulates and enhances task control activation.

Conclusions:

  • Task conflict is a demonstrable phenomenon that can manifest separately from information conflict.
  • Information conflict acts as a modulator, increasing the activation of task control.
  • This study provides a clearer understanding of cognitive control mechanisms within the Stroop paradigm.