Risk factors and age-specific monthly patterns of primary spontaneous pneumothorax: a multicenter study
Seung Keun Yoon1, Hee Kyung Kim2, Jiyun Lee3
1Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
Journal of Thoracic Disease
|April 14, 2025
Summary
Primary spontaneous pneumothorax (PSP) shows distinct monthly patterns, especially in teenagers. Body mass index (BMI) and inflammation markers like monocyte-lymphocyte ratio (MLR) influence recurrence risk in males and females.
Area of Science:
- Pulmonology
- Epidemiology
- Medical Statistics
Background:
- Primary spontaneous pneumothorax (PSP) is a sudden lung collapse without apparent cause.
- Limited data exists on PSP's epidemiological trends and recurrence factors, particularly in adolescents.
- This study investigates monthly PSP incidence and recurrence predictors, focusing on teenagers.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze monthly trends in PSP occurrence across different age groups.
- To identify factors influencing PSP recurrence, with emphasis on teenagers.
- To explore the relationship between BMI, inflammation, and PSP recurrence.
Main Methods:
- A multicenter retrospective study of 4,231 PSP cases (ages 10-39) in Korea.
- Assessment of monthly incidence patterns and statistical analysis of physical and laboratory data.
- Multivariate analysis to identify significant risk factors for recurrence.
Main Results:
- July showed the highest PSP diagnosis month for teenagers, differing from other age groups.
- Lower BMI correlated with higher recurrence risk in males (16-19 and >20 years).
- Elevated monocyte-lymphocyte ratio (MLR) was linked to increased recurrence in males (>20 years) and females (≥20 years).
Conclusions:
- PSP exhibits unique monthly incidence patterns, notably in teenagers.
- BMI and inflammatory markers (MLR) are significant predictors of PSP recurrence.
- Findings suggest potential targets for future prospective studies on PSP prevention and treatment.
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