Comparison of Quality of Life in Tongue Cancer Patients Following Various Glossectomy Reconstructive Techniques

Tongue cancer treatment often involves glossectomy and flap reconstruction. Since the tongue plays a vital role in swallowing, chewing, speaking, airway protection, and taste, it also plays a major role in the patient's quality of life (QOL) after reconstruction. Therefore, the flap that best preserves QOL should be determined. A literature review was conducted using PubMed, Scopus, and Ovid MEDLINE, with a total of 446 articles retrieved. Four studies were included in this integrative review, which all utilized the University of Washington Quality of Life questionnaire to assess QOL in tongue cancer patients post-glossectomy and flap reconstruction. The articles specifically compared radial forearm free flap to pectoralis major myocutaneous flap, submental island pedicled flap, anterolateral thigh flap, and lateral upper forearm flap. Based on the included articles, no flap significantly preserved QOL. However, a certain flap may be more suitable for a patient based on the patient's preferences, lifestyle, health status, and goals. Therefore, it is important for providers to complete a thorough history and assessment prior to surgery so that the flap chosen upholds the patient's goals and preserves overall QOL.