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Association Between ABCG1/TCF7L2 and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: An Intervention Trial Based on a Case-Control Study
Yinxia Su1,2, Bo Shang2, Xiaoyuan Hu3
1State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China.
Journal of Diabetes Research
|April 14, 2025
Summary
Genetic and environmental factors influence Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) risk in Uyghurs. The TCF7L2 rs7901695 SNP and ABCG1 cg06500161 methylation interact with lifestyle, impacting T2DM susceptibility and intervention effectiveness.
Area of Science:
- Epigenetics and Genomics
- Metabolic Diseases
- Population Health
Background:
- Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) arises from complex genetic and environmental interactions.
- Epigenetic modifications are increasingly recognized as mediators of environmental influences on T2DM development.
- The Uyghur population, underrepresented in T2DM research, presents a unique context for investigating these factors.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association of TCF7L2 rs7901695 (SNP) and ABCG1 cg06500161 (DNA methylation) with T2DM susceptibility in Uyghurs.
- To explore the interaction between these epigenetic markers and environmental/lifestyle factors in T2DM.
- To evaluate the impact of a dietary intervention on T2DM markers and epigenetic profiles.
Main Methods:
- A case-control study involving 320 T2DM patients and 332 controls from the Uyghur population.
- Dietary pagoda-based health education intervention implemented for both groups.
- SNP genotyping using TaqMan-MGB probe assay and DNA methylation analysis via pyrosequencing.
- Statistical analyses including logistic regression and generalized multifactor dimensionality reduction (GMDR).
Main Results:
- The TCF7L2 rs7901695 genotype showed significant association with T2DM susceptibility across additive, dominant, and recessive models.
- ABCG1 gene methylation was correlated with T2DM risk prior to intervention, but this association diminished post-intervention.
- Significant interactions were observed between TCF7L2 rs7901695, ABCG1 cg06500161, and various environmental factors (hypertension, dyslipidemia, obesity, alcohol, smoking, exercise).
Conclusions:
- The interplay between TCF7L2 rs7901695, ABCG1 cg06500161, and environmental factors contributes to T2DM risk in the Uyghur population.
- The influence of ABCG1 cg06500161 on T2DM is modulated by lifestyle interventions.
- ABCG1 cg06500161 may serve as a potential biomarker for assessing the efficacy of T2DM interventions.
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