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Noninvasive Sampling of Mucosal Lining Fluid for the Quantification of In Vivo Upper Airway Immune-mediator Levels
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Clinical characteristics of infants with protracted bacterial bronchitis: an observational cohort study

Yaping Xie1, Chen Chen1, Diyuan Yang1

  • 1Department of Respiration, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.

Translational Pediatrics
|April 14, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Protracted bacterial bronchitis (PBB) in infants often presents with wet cough and wheezing. Early diagnosis and antibiotic treatment lead to recovery in most infants with PBB.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Pulmonology

Background:

  • Protracted bacterial bronchitis (PBB) is an under-recognized condition in infants.
  • Limited data exists on its clinical features and diagnostic imaging.
  • This study aims to define PBB's characteristics for earlier detection.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify clinical manifestations of PBB in infants.
  • To describe imaging findings associated with PBB.
  • To facilitate early diagnosis and management of PBB.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective enrollment of 37 infants with PBB from January 2021 to January 2024.
  • Collection of clinical data, laboratory parameters, and radiological findings.
  • Bronchoscopy and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) cultures were performed.

Main Results:

  • All infants presented with wet cough; 91.89% had persistent wheezing.
  • Common pathogens included Moraxella bacteria and Streptococcus pneumoniae.
  • Chest CT most frequently showed uneven inflation; bronchoscopy revealed thick mucus.

Conclusions:

  • Wheezing is a key clinical sign of PBB in infants.
  • Moraxella and Streptococcus pneumoniae are prevalent pathogens.
  • Uneven inflation on CT scans suggests PBB.
Abstract

Keywords:
Protracted bacterial bronchitis (PBB)infantspathogenwheezing

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