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A young female with multiple cavitary lung lesions
Amina Pervaiz1, Sharad Oli1, Waed Alkaram2
1Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA.
Respiratory Medicine Case Reports
|April 14, 2025
Summary
Malignant transformation of recurrent respiratory papillomatosis into squamous cell carcinoma is rare. This case highlights the aggressive nature and poor prognosis associated with this rare complication.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Pulmonology
- Pathology
Background:
- Recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP) is a rare disease caused by human papillomavirus (HPV).
- Long-term management of RRP often involves repeated surgical interventions and medical therapies like interferon alpha.
- Malignant transformation in RRP is an uncommon but serious complication.
Observation:
- A 21-year-old female with a history of RRP presented with dyspnea, hemoptysis, night sweats, and weight loss.
- Imaging revealed a rapidly progressing lung mass concerning for malignancy.
- Biopsy confirmed necrotic squamous cell carcinoma (SCC).
Findings:
- The patient's condition was classified as malignant transformation of RRP due to bilateral lung involvement and aggressive disease progression.
- Despite combination chemotherapy and immunotherapy, the patient experienced declining performance status and respiratory failure.
- Extensive mediastinal involvement was noted on repeat imaging.
Implications:
- This case underscores the rare but severe risk of malignant transformation in RRP.
- Aggressive SCC arising from RRP is associated with poor outcomes and limited treatment tolerance.
- Multidisciplinary care and vigilant monitoring are crucial for patients with RRP.
