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The urinary bladder is a hollow, muscular sac that temporarily stores urine before it is expelled from the body. It can hold approximately 600 mL of urine prior to micturition. The bladder is retroperitoneal and located behind the pubic symphysis in the pelvic floor.
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Updated: May 13, 2025

Detrusor Underactivity Model in Rats by Conus Medullaris Transection
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The underappreciated underactive bladder.

Basil Razi1,2, Kevin Zhuo1,2, Dane Cole-Clark2,3

  • 1Department of Urology, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW, Australia.

Translational Andrology and Urology
|April 14, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Underactive bladder (UAB) causes slow urinary flow in men, often misdiagnosed as bladder outlet obstruction. Increased physician awareness is crucial for earlier diagnosis and improved quality of life.

Keywords:
Dysfunctional voidinglower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS)menprostatomegalyurethral stricture

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Area of Science:

  • Urology
  • Men's Health
  • Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms

Background:

  • Slow urinary flow is a common lower urinary tract symptom (LUTS) in men, frequently prompting medical consultation.
  • Underactive bladder (UAB) is often underappreciated, despite its significant impact on quality of life, and can be misdiagnosed as bladder outlet obstruction (BOO).

Purpose of the Study:

  • This review aims to enhance the recognition of UAB as a distinct condition separate from other LUTS aetiologies.
  • To highlight the pathophysiology, clinical features, diagnostic challenges, and management approach for UAB in men.

Main Methods:

  • This review synthesizes current knowledge on UAB, including its causes, diagnostic difficulties, and treatment strategies.
  • Focuses on the diagnostic challenges, particularly the limited availability of urodynamic studies.

Main Results:

  • UAB is characterized by impaired detrusor muscle activity, leading to symptoms like slow urinary flow, hesitancy, and incomplete bladder emptying.
  • Multiple underlying causes exist, including neurogenic, myogenic, iatrogenic, and idiopathic factors.
  • Current management options are limited, focusing on behavioral modifications and supportive therapies.

Conclusions:

  • Increased awareness of UAB among healthcare providers is essential for timely diagnosis and intervention.
  • Recognizing UAB as a distinct clinical entity can reduce complications and improve the quality of life for affected men.