Zinner syndrome in adult male: a rare case report

Zinner syndrome (ZS) is an extremely rare congenital genitourinary disease. Its typical triad consists of seminal vesicle cysts, ejaculatory duct obstruction, and ipsilateral renal agenesis or hypoplasia. At present, the exact pathogenesis of ZS remains a mystery. It is hypothesized that ZS might be associated with aberrations that occur during the intricate process of embryonic development.

A 40-year-old male presented to the hospital with a chief complaint of experiencing dysuria for 5 consecutive days, accompanied by frequent urination and urgency. Through comprehensive imaging and laboratory examinations, he was diagnosed with ZS. Subsequently, laparoscopic left seminal vesicle cystectomy was successfully carried out. Postoperative pathology revealed the existence of inflammatory infiltration in the wall of the seminal vesicle cyst. The patient recovered smoothly and was discharged without complications. No signs of recurrence were detected during the 6-month follow-up.

Ultrasound, computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examinations are crucial for accurately diagnosing ZS. These imaging techniques offer detailed anatomical information, helping identify features like seminal vesicle cysts and renal anomalies. Acute seminal vesicle cyst infection accompanied by ipsilateral renal agenesis and ureteral developmental malformations is recognized as a clinical manifestation of ZS. Laparoscopic seminal vesicle cystectomy is safe and effective.