Electroencephalographic responses before, during, and after upper limb paired associative stimulation

Area of Science:

• Neuroscience
• Neurophysiology
• Brain Stimulation Techniques

Background:

• Paired associative stimulation (PAS) is a non-invasive brain stimulation technique used to induce Hebbian-like plasticity.
• The precise neurophysiological effects of PAS and the associated electromagnetic artifacts remain incompletely understood.
• Accurate measurement of brain activity during PAS requires distinguishing neural signals from stimulation-induced artifacts.

Purpose of the Study:

• To present a novel dataset of electroencephalography (EEG) measurements acquired during paired associative stimulation (PAS).
• To provide both raw and artifact-removed pre-processed data for detailed analysis of brain dynamics during PAS.
• To facilitate research into the neurophysiological impacts of PAS and the differences in brain responsiveness.

Main Methods:

• Acquisition of EEG data during PAS protocols with inter-stimulus intervals of 25 ms (PAS25) and 35 ms (PAS35).
• Inclusion of control conditions with only electrical or magnetic stimulation.
• Demonstration of data quality through analysis of stimulation site stability and event-related potentials (ERPs) pre- and post-stimulation.

Main Results:

• A novel dataset of EEG recordings during PAS, including raw and artifact-corrected data, is now available.
• The dataset captures brain activity changes and allows for the differentiation of neural signals from electromagnetic artifacts.
• Stability of stimulation site and ERPs were assessed to validate data quality.

Conclusions:

• The presented dataset enables the observation of brain dynamics resulting from accumulated PAS.
• It allows for the study of differential brain responsiveness to stimulation before and after PAS protocols.
• This resource will advance the understanding of neurophysiological changes induced by non-invasive brain stimulation.