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Mumps-associated hepatitis: A rare clinical presentation.

Mikiyas G Teferi1, Abel K Gulma1, Meron T Akalu2

  • 1School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

Idcases
|April 14, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Hepatitis is a rare complication of mumps (a viral infection). This case highlights the importance of considering mumps in patients with elevated liver enzymes and parotid swelling for accurate diagnosis and management.

Keywords:
Case reportHepatitisLiver enzymesMumpsViral infection

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Area of Science:

  • Hepatology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Virology

Background:

  • Mumps virus, an RNA paramyxovirus, primarily targets glandular tissues.
  • While mumps commonly causes parotitis, complications like orchitis, pancreatitis, and meningoencephalitis can occur.
  • Hepatic involvement in mumps is exceptionally rare, particularly in adults, and often underreported.

Observation:

  • A 20-year-old unvaccinated male presented with fever, malaise, bilateral parotid swelling, nausea, and right upper quadrant discomfort.
  • Physical examination revealed tender parotid enlargement, scleral icterus, and bilateral testicular tenderness.
  • Laboratory tests showed significantly elevated liver enzymes, positive mumps virus IgM serology, and exclusion of other common viral hepatitis causes.

Findings:

  • The case demonstrates mumps-associated hepatitis, a rare clinical presentation.
  • Diagnosis required high clinical suspicion due to overlapping symptoms with other viral hepatitis causes.
  • The patient experienced a self-limiting course with conservative management, and liver functions normalized within four weeks.

Implications:

  • This case underscores the need for vigilance regarding atypical mumps presentations, including hepatitis.
  • Healthcare professionals should consider mumps in the differential diagnosis of elevated liver enzymes, especially in unvaccinated individuals with parotitis.
  • Prompt recognition and appropriate management of mumps-associated hepatitis can prevent unnecessary investigations and ensure timely care.