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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 13, 2025

Millisecond Hydrogen/Deuterium-Exchange Mass Spectrometry for the Study of Alpha-Synuclein Structural Dynamics Under Physiological Conditions
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Alpha-synuclein aggregation induces prominent cellular lipid changes as revealed by Raman spectroscopy and machine

Nathan P Coles1,2, Suzan Elsheikh1,2, Agathe Quesnel1,2

  • 1School of Health & Life Sciences, Teesside University, Middlesbrough TS1 3BX, UK.

Brain Communications
|April 14, 2025
PubMed
Summary

This study reveals that α-synuclein aggregation in Parkinson's disease models alters cellular lipids, specifically decreasing sphingomyelin and increasing ceramides, offering new therapeutic targets.

Keywords:
Raman spectroscopylipidsmachine learningneurodegenerationα-synuclein aggregation

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Biochemistry
  • Spectroscopy

Background:

  • α-synuclein aggregation is key in Lewy body diseases like Parkinson's disease.
  • Lipids are implicated in α-synuclein aggregation and neurotoxicity, potentially via ceramide production.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate biochemical and lipid changes during α-synuclein aggregation using Raman spectroscopy and machine learning.
  • To model seeded α-synuclein aggregation in neuronal cell lines.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized Raman spectroscopy with a lipid spectral library to monitor cellular changes over 14 days.
  • Employed machine learning (PCA, UMAP) to detect α-synuclein aggregation via β-sheet spectral features.
  • Treated HEK293, Neuro2a, and SH-SY5Y cells with α-synuclein pre-formed fibrils.

Main Results:

  • Successfully detected α-synuclein aggregation using Raman spectroscopy and machine learning.
  • Observed significant alterations in cellular lipid profiles, including decreased sphingomyelin and increased ceramides.
  • Detected changes indicative of oxidative stress and apoptosis.

Conclusions:

  • Raman spectroscopy coupled with machine learning can identify α-synuclein aggregation and associated biochemical changes.
  • Lipid alterations, particularly in sphingolipids, are linked to α-synuclein aggregation and cellular stress.
  • Findings provide insights into biochemical pathways for developing therapies for Parkinson's disease and related disorders.