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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 13, 2025

Isolation of Enteric Glial Cells from the Submucosa and Lamina Propria of the Adult Mouse
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Enteric glia regulate Paneth cell secretion and intestinal microbial ecology.

Aleksandra Prochera1, Anoohya N Muppirala1, Gavin A Kuziel1,2,3

  • 1Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States.

Elife
|April 14, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Enteric glia, expressing PLP1, do not broadly affect the intestinal epithelium. However, they are essential for Paneth cell function and regulating gut microbial ecology.

Keywords:
Paneth cellsantimicrobial peptidesenteric nervous systemglial cellinfectious diseasemicrobiologymouseneuroscience

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Neuroscience
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Enteric glia interact with the intestinal epithelium, influencing its function in vitro.
  • In vivo roles of enteric glia in intestinal homeostasis remain debated due to conflicting prior studies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To define the in vivo roles of enteric glia in regulating the intestinal epithelium during steady state.
  • To investigate the function of PLP1-expressing enteric glia.

Main Methods:

  • Genetic depletion of Proteolipid protein 1 (PLP1)-expressing cells in mice.
  • Transcriptional profiling of small and large intestines.
  • Analysis of Paneth cell morphology and function (lysozyme secretion).
  • Assessment of fecal microbial composition.

Main Results:

  • Glial depletion had minimal impact on overall intestinal transcriptional programs.
  • In the ileum, glial loss led to abnormal Paneth cell secretory granules and reduced lysozyme secretion.
  • Reduced lysozyme secretion correlated with altered fecal microbial composition.

Conclusions:

  • Enteric glia do not broadly regulate intestinal epithelial gene expression.
  • PLP1+ enteric glia play a critical role in maintaining Paneth cell function.
  • Enteric glia are important regulators of gut microbial ecology through their influence on Paneth cells.