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Related Concept Videos

Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine02:50

Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine

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Combining two or more treatment methods increases the life span of cancer patients while reducing damage to vital organs or tissue from the overuse of a single treatment. Combination therapy also targets different cancer-inducing pathways, thus reducing the chances of developing resistance to treatment.
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Cancer therapies are various modes of treatment, such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy that are administered to cancer patients.
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Tumor Immunotherapy01:27

Tumor Immunotherapy

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Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
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The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
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The Tumor Microenvironment02:17

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Every normal cell or tissue is embedded in a complex local environment called stroma, consisting of different cell types, a basal membrane, and blood vessels. As normal cells mutate and develop into cancer cells, their local environment also changes to allow cancer progression. The tumor microenvironment (TME) consists of a complex cellular matrix of stromal cells and the developing tumor. The cross-talk between cancer cells and surrounding stromal cells is critical to disrupt normal tissue...
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The human body contains a monogastric digestive system. In a monogastric digestive system, the stomach only contains one chamber in which it digests food. Several other animal species also have monogastric digestive systems, including pigs, horses, dogs, and birds. This chapter, however, focuses on the human digestive system.
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A Method to Define the Effects of Environmental Enrichment on Colon Microbiome Biodiversity in a Mouse Colon Tumor Model
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Optimizing Cancer Treatment Through Gut Microbiome Modulation.

Kyuri Kim1, Mingyu Lee2, Yoojin Shin2

  • 1College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, 25 Magokdong-ro 2-gil, Gangseo-gu, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The gut microbiome significantly impacts cancer treatment effectiveness, influencing immunotherapy and chemotherapy outcomes. Personalized microbiome strategies show promise for optimizing cancer therapies.

Keywords:
cancerchemotherapyimmunotherapymicrobial metabolitemicrobiomeprebioticsprobiotics

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Microbiology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • The gut microbiome influences cancer treatment efficacy and patient outcomes.
  • Microbial dysbiosis is linked to adverse effects and treatment resistance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the role of the gut microbiome in modulating cancer therapies.
  • To highlight microbiome-based strategies for enhancing treatment efficacy and reducing toxicity.

Main Methods:

  • Review of emerging evidence on microbiome-cancer therapy interactions.
  • Analysis of microbial taxa, metabolites, and engineered microbial systems.

Main Results:

  • Specific microbes enhance immune checkpoint inhibitor efficacy.
  • Microbiome composition affects chemotherapy effectiveness.
  • Microbial metabolites and engineered probiotics/prebiotics show therapeutic potential.

Conclusions:

  • The gut microbiome is a critical factor in cancer therapy response.
  • Personalized, microbiome-based approaches are essential for optimizing cancer treatment.