Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Prokaryotic Cells01:51

Prokaryotic Cells

Prokaryotes are small unicellular organisms that include the domains—Archaea and Bacteria. Bacteria include many common organisms, such as Salmonella and E. coli, while the Archaea include extremophiles that live in harsh environments, such as volcanic springs.Like eukaryotic cells, all prokaryotic cells are surrounded by a plasma membrane, have genetic material in the form of single, circular DNA, a cytoplasm that fills the interior of the cell, and ribosomes that synthesize proteins. However,...
Prokaryotic cells01:51

Prokaryotic cells

Prokaryotes are small unicellular organisms that include the domains—Archaea and Bacteria. Bacteria include many common organisms, such as Salmonella and E. coli, while the Archaea include extremophiles that live in harsh environments, such as volcanic springs.Like eukaryotic cells, all prokaryotic cells are surrounded by a plasma membrane, have genetic material in the form of single, circular DNA, a cytoplasm that fills the interior of the cell, and ribosomes that synthesize proteins. However,...
LTR Retrotransposons03:08

LTR Retrotransposons

LTR retrotransposons are class I transposable elements with long terminal repeats flanking an internal coding region. These elements are less abundant in mammals compared to other class I transposable elements. About 8 percent of human genomic DNA comprises LTR retrotransposons. Some of the common examples of LTR retrotransposons are Ty elements in yeast and Copia elements in Drosophila.
The internal coding region of LTR retrotransposons and their mechanism of transposition closely resembles a...
Insertion of Single-pass Transmembrane Proteins in the RER01:26

Insertion of Single-pass Transmembrane Proteins in the RER

Integral membrane proteins are proteins adhered to the lipid bilayer of a cell organelle or membrane. They can be of two types: transmembrane integral proteins that span the lipid bilayer and monotopic proteins that are attached to either side of the membrane but do not pass through it.
Integral transmembrane proteins possess transmembrane and extra membrane domains. The transmembrane domains are primarily made of 20-25 hydrophobic amino acids arranged in a helical secondary confirmation. These...
Insertion of Multi-pass Transmembrane Proteins in the RER01:29

Insertion of Multi-pass Transmembrane Proteins in the RER

The rough ER membrane synthesizes, assembles, and embeds transmembrane proteins in diverse topologies. These proteins function as transporters or channels and can remain in the ER membrane or are sent to the Golgi complex, lysosome, and cell membrane.
The multipass transmembrane proteins are the type IV integral membrane proteins with multiple topogenic sequences determining their spatial arrangement in the ER membrane. Nearly all multipass proteins lack a cleavable signal sequence and use...
Prokaryotic Cells01:28

Prokaryotic Cells

Prokaryotes are small unicellular organisms that include the domains — Archaea and Bacteria. Bacteria include many common microorganisms, such as Salmonella and E. coli, while the Archaea include extremophiles that live in harsh environments, such as volcanic springs.
Like eukaryotic cells, all prokaryotic cells are surrounded by a plasma membrane, have genetic material in the form of single, circular DNA, a cytoplasm that fills the interior of the cell, and ribosomes that synthesize proteins.

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Multicenter Real-World Analysis of Glofitamab in Relapsed/Refractory Primary CNS Lymphoma: Clinical Activity, CNS Penetration, and ctDNA Dynamics.

American journal of hematology·2026
Same author

Immunotherapy and the Sequence Relative to Survival Outcomes in SCLC: Analysis of the National Cancer Database.

Cancers·2026
Same author

Videolaryngoscopic Intubation and Difficult Airway Classification (VIDIAC) accuracy in the prediction of first-pass nasal intubation using a video laryngoscope.

Minerva anestesiologica·2026
Same author

Autophagy repression in effector T lymphocytes redefines paradigms in T cell biology.

Nature immunology·2025
Same author

Complement regulators as novel targets for anti-cancer therapy: A comprehensive review.

Seminars in immunology·2025
Same author

Complement factor H targeting antibody GT103 in refractory non-small cell lung cancer: a phase 1b dose escalation trial.

Nature communications·2025
Same journal

Towards globally equitable bioinformatics adoption.

PLoS biology·2026
Same journal

The human claustrum supports cognitive networks for externally and internally driven task demands.

PLoS biology·2026
Same journal

Unusual decay: Recombination loss leads to splicing errors in green algae.

PLoS biology·2026
Same journal

Angptl5 restricts primitive hematopoiesis by promoting retinoic acid signaling in zebrafish.

PLoS biology·2026
Same journal

Engineered bipaternal mice reveal the consequences of life without a maternal genomic contribution.

PLoS biology·2026
Same journal

Multiple adhesion molecules act together in oligodendrocyte-mediated axonal selection and myelin formation.

PLoS biology·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 5, 2026

Isolation and Culture of Endothelial Cells from the Embryonic Forebrain
12:02

Isolation and Culture of Endothelial Cells from the Embryonic Forebrain

Published on: January 23, 2014

15.3K

Vps34 puts the 'e' in eTreg cells.

Ruchi Saxena1, You-Wen He1

  • 1Department of Integrative Immunobiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America.

Plos Biology
|April 14, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Regulatory T cells (Tregs) exhibit diverse subsets, with their regulation being unclear. A study reveals that Vps34, a PI3K enzyme, is crucial for generating and maintaining effector Tregs.

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: Image-Based Methods to Study Membrane Trafficking Events in Stomatal Lineage Cells
11:31

Author Spotlight: Image-Based Methods to Study Membrane Trafficking Events in Stomatal Lineage Cells

Published on: May 12, 2023

742
Trophoblast Cell Recovery from Angiogenesis-Tube Formation Assay for Differentiation Marker Expression Analysis
05:30

Trophoblast Cell Recovery from Angiogenesis-Tube Formation Assay for Differentiation Marker Expression Analysis

Published on: November 8, 2024

331

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 5, 2026

Isolation and Culture of Endothelial Cells from the Embryonic Forebrain
12:02

Isolation and Culture of Endothelial Cells from the Embryonic Forebrain

Published on: January 23, 2014

15.3K
Author Spotlight: Image-Based Methods to Study Membrane Trafficking Events in Stomatal Lineage Cells
11:31

Author Spotlight: Image-Based Methods to Study Membrane Trafficking Events in Stomatal Lineage Cells

Published on: May 12, 2023

742
Trophoblast Cell Recovery from Angiogenesis-Tube Formation Assay for Differentiation Marker Expression Analysis
05:30

Trophoblast Cell Recovery from Angiogenesis-Tube Formation Assay for Differentiation Marker Expression Analysis

Published on: November 8, 2024

331

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are vital for immune homeostasis.
  • Treg heterogeneity is established but poorly understood.
  • Key molecular drivers of Treg differentiation remain elusive.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the regulators of Treg heterogeneity.
  • To identify key molecular pathways governing effector Treg generation and maintenance.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized genetic and biochemical approaches.
  • Investigated the role of phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3Ks) in Tregs.
  • Analyzed Treg differentiation and function in vivo and in vitro.

Main Results:

  • Identified class III PI3K, Vps34, as a critical regulator.
  • Vps34 activity is essential for effector Treg generation.
  • Vps34 signaling is required for Treg-mediated immune suppression and maintenance.

Conclusions:

  • Vps34 acts as a master orchestrator of effector Treg biology.
  • Targeting Vps34 may offer therapeutic strategies for immune modulation.