Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

The Availability Heuristic01:08

The Availability Heuristic

5.9K
A heuristic is a general problem-solving framework (Tversky & Kahneman, 1974). You can think of these as mental shortcuts that are used to solve problems. Different types of heuristics are used in different types of situations, and the impulse to use a heuristic occurs when one of five conditions is met (Pratkanis, 1989):
5.9K
Heuristics01:21

Heuristics

50
Heuristics are problem-solving strategies that use mental shortcuts to simplify decision-making. Unlike algorithms, which must be followed precisely to achieve a correct result, heuristics offer a general problem-solving framework. They save time and energy but can sometimes lead to less rational decisions.
People often rely on heuristics when faced with an overload of information, limited time, low importance of the decision, limited information, or when a heuristic readily comes to mind. For...
50
Reason and Intuition01:37

Reason and Intuition

6.3K
The human brain processes information for decision-making using one of two routes: an intuitive system and a rational system (Epstein, 1994; popularized by Kahneman, 2011 as System 1 and System 2, respectively). The intuitive system is quick, impulsive, and operates with minimal effort, relying on emotions or habits to provide cues for what to do next, while the rational system is logical, analytical, deliberate, and methodical. Research in neuropsychology suggests that the...
6.3K
Decision Making: Traditional Method01:14

Decision Making: Traditional Method

3.9K
The process of hypothesis testing based on the traditional method includes calculating the critical value, testing the value of the test statistic using the sample data, and interpreting these values.
First, a specific claim about the population parameter is decided based on the research question and is stated in a simple form. Further, an opposing statement to this claim is also stated. These statements can act as null and alternative hypotheses, out of which a null hypothesis would be a...
3.9K
The Anchoring-and-Adjustment Heuristic01:25

The Anchoring-and-Adjustment Heuristic

7.2K
In order to make good decisions, we use our knowledge and our reasoning. Often, this knowledge and reasoning is sound and solid. However, sometimes, we are swayed by biases or by others manipulating a situation. For example, let’s say you and three friends wanted to rent a house and had a combined target budget of $1,600. The realtor shows you only very run-down houses for $1,600 and then shows you a very nice house for $2,000. Might you ask each person to pay more in rent to get the...
7.2K
Decision Making: P-value Method01:09

Decision Making: P-value Method

5.2K
The process of hypothesis testing based on the P-value method includes calculating the P- value using the sample data and interpreting it.
First, a specific claim about the population parameter is proposed. The claim is based on the research question and is stated in a simple form. Further, an opposing statement to the claim  is also stated. These statements can act as null and alternative hypotheses:  a null hypothesis would be a neutral statement while the alternative hypothesis can...
5.2K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Clinical heterogeneity in congenital factor XII deficiency: Coexisting risk factors in thrombotic and bleeding events.

British journal of haematology·2026
Same author

Hemodynamics Beyond Ischemic Zone Underlies Early Neurological Deterioration in Minor Stroke with Large Vessel Occlusion.

Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics·2026
Same author

Cooperating under social anxiety: EEG hyperscanning reveals heightened interbrain synchrony and ERP responses in socially anxious adolescents.

Acta psychologica·2026
Same author

Design, synthesis and anti-inflammatory activity on N-(4-(pyridin-4-yloxy)phenyl)-1,4-dihydropyridazine-3-carboxamide derivative z18 for acute lung injury, sepsis and ulcerative colitis models in mice.

European journal of medicinal chemistry·2026
Same author

Proximity as a Ground-Truth Proxy for Training Texture Discrimination and Segmentation.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Principles of Local and Global Grouping that Underlie Segmentation of Natural Texture Images.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same journal

Analysis of human visual experience data.

Journal of vision·2026
Same journal

Pyramid-based Bayesian modeling for high-resolution behavioral analysis.

Journal of vision·2026
Same journal

Sensation without perception: The white whale effect and perceptual blindness in autonomous vehicles.

Journal of vision·2026
Same journal

Gaze behavior during closed-captioned movie viewing adapts to absent audio through more frequent switching between text and scene.

Journal of vision·2026
Same journal

In pursuit of saccade awareness: Limited volitional control and minimal conscious access to catch-up saccades during smooth pursuit eye movements.

Journal of vision·2026
Same journal

Dissociable effects of element-lifetime and stimulus-duration on local and global motion processing: An equivalent noise study.

Journal of vision·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 13, 2025

Development of a Gaze-Contingent Display Framework Designed for Perceptual and Oculomotor Research with Simulated Central Vision Loss
07:12

Development of a Gaze-Contingent Display Framework Designed for Perceptual and Oculomotor Research with Simulated Central Vision Loss

Published on: April 11, 2025

220

Optimal visual search with highly heuristic decision rules.

Anqi Zhang1,2,3,4, Wilson S Geisler1,5,6,7

  • 1Center for Perceptual Systems, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA.

Journal of Vision
|April 15, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Humans surprisingly outperform Bayesian optimal decision-making in visual search tasks. Simple heuristics, limited foveal neglect, and correlated neural noise explain this enhanced performance in visual search.

More Related Videos

Spotlighting Customers' Visual Attention at the Stock, Shelf and Store Levels with the 3S Model
06:30

Spotlighting Customers' Visual Attention at the Stock, Shelf and Store Levels with the 3S Model

Published on: May 24, 2019

5.2K
Integrating Visual Psychophysical Assays within a Y-Maze to Isolate the Role that Visual Features Play in Navigational Decisions
07:09

Integrating Visual Psychophysical Assays within a Y-Maze to Isolate the Role that Visual Features Play in Navigational Decisions

Published on: May 2, 2019

6.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 13, 2025

Development of a Gaze-Contingent Display Framework Designed for Perceptual and Oculomotor Research with Simulated Central Vision Loss
07:12

Development of a Gaze-Contingent Display Framework Designed for Perceptual and Oculomotor Research with Simulated Central Vision Loss

Published on: April 11, 2025

220
Spotlighting Customers' Visual Attention at the Stock, Shelf and Store Levels with the 3S Model
06:30

Spotlighting Customers' Visual Attention at the Stock, Shelf and Store Levels with the 3S Model

Published on: May 24, 2019

5.2K
Integrating Visual Psychophysical Assays within a Y-Maze to Isolate the Role that Visual Features Play in Navigational Decisions
07:09

Integrating Visual Psychophysical Assays within a Y-Maze to Isolate the Role that Visual Features Play in Navigational Decisions

Published on: May 2, 2019

6.0K

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Computational Vision

Background:

  • Visual search is a fundamental cognitive process for humans and animals.
  • Understanding decision-making in visual search is crucial for various fields.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate human decision processes in covert visual search.
  • To compare human performance against a Bayesian-optimal model.

Main Methods:

  • Experimentally comparing human performance in brief visual search tasks with well-separated targets.
  • Analyzing decision processes against Bayesian optimality under statistical independence assumptions.

Main Results:

  • Humans performed slightly better than the Bayesian-optimal model.
  • This paradoxical result was explained by heuristic decision rules, limited central foveal neglect, and spatially correlated neural noise.

Conclusions:

  • Simple heuristic decision rules can achieve near-optimal visual search performance.
  • Neural noise characteristics can enhance search efficiency beyond predictions based on independent noise.
  • Findings offer insights into visual search and identification tasks across species.