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Causal relationship between gut microbiota and pyogenic arthritis: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study.
Ji-Ang Li1,2, Chen-Han Zhou1,2, Han-Dan Xiao1,3
1Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410017, Hunan Province, PR China.
Journal of Medical Microbiology
|April 15, 2025
Summary
This study used Mendelian randomization to investigate the causal link between gut microbiota and pyogenic arthritis (PA). Certain gut bacteria were found to increase PA risk, while others were associated with a reduced risk, suggesting a potential role in disease development.
Area of Science:
- Microbiome Research
- Genetic Epidemiology
- Infectious Disease
Background:
- Growing evidence links gut microbiota composition to pyogenic arthritis (PA) risk.
- The causal relationship between gut microbiota and PA susceptibility remains unclear.
- Understanding this link is crucial for developing novel prevention and treatment strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the potential causal effect of gut microbiota on the risk of developing pyogenic arthritis (PA).
- To identify specific bacterial taxa associated with increased or decreased PA susceptibility using a Mendelian randomization approach.
Main Methods:
- A two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study utilizing large-scale genome-wide association study (GWAS) data for gut microbiota (n=13,266) and PA (2,441 cases, 287,796 controls).
- Employed inverse-variance weighted (IVW), weighted median, weighted, and MR-Egger regression models to assess causal associations.
- Conducted sensitivity analyses including leave-one-out, MR-Egger, and Cochran's Q tests to evaluate heterogeneity and pleiotropy.
Main Results:
- Six bacterial traits, including Eubacterium eligens group and Barnesiella, showed a negative correlation with PA risk.
- Four bacterial traits, such as Adlercreutzia and Holdemania, were positively associated with an increased risk of PA.
- No significant heterogeneity or horizontal pleiotropy was detected among the identified genetic instrumental variables.
Conclusions:
- This study provides evidence for a potential causal relationship between specific gut microbial compositions and pyogenic arthritis risk.
- The findings suggest that gut microbiota may play a direct role in the pathogenesis of PA.
- Further mechanistic studies are warranted to elucidate how gut bacteria influence PA development.
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