Modified Robust Proportional Overlapping Score for feature selection in high-dimensional micro-array data

High-dimensional microarray datasets often contain tens of thousands of genes but only a small number of samples, typically ranging from tens to a few hundred. This imbalance, known as the curse of dimensionality or the n ≪ p problem, hampers the learning process. To address this issue, this study introduces the Modified Robust Proportional Overlapping Score (MRPOS), an enhanced feature selection method based on robust measures of dispersion, specifically the Sn and Qn statistics by Rousseeuw and Croux. MRPOS identifies discriminative genes in binary class problems by evaluating gene expression overlap. This study considers the four gene expression datasets, each divided into two parts: a training subset covering 70 % of the data and a testing subset holding the remaining 30 %. The MRPOS eliminates genes with high inter-class similarity while retaining those differentiating classes. The method's performance is assessed against four established feature selection techniques using classification error rates from four gene expression datasets. Three classifiers, random forest, k-nearest neighbor (k-NN), and support vector machine (SVM), are employed, with results visualized through bar plots of classification errors. The findings highlight the distinctiveness and effectiveness of the proposed method.