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Disrupted synaptic gene expression in Fabry disease: Findings from RNA sequencing.

Laura López-Valverde1, María E Vázquez-Mosquera1, Cristóbal Colón-Mejeras1

  • 1Unit of Diagnosis and Treatment of Congenital Metabolic Diseases, RICORS-SAMID, CIBERER, University Clinical Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, Choupana s/n, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain; Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), University Clinical Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, Choupana s/n, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain.

Neurobiology of Disease
|April 15, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Fabry disease (FD), a lysosomal storage disorder, involves synaptic dysfunction. RNA sequencing revealed altered gene expression in FD patients, suggesting lipid raft involvement in disease pathology.

Keywords:
BloodFabry diseaseIonotropic receptorsLipid raftsNeurotransmitter receptorsRNA-seqSynaptic function

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Area of Science:

  • Genetics
  • Neuroscience
  • Rare Diseases

Background:

  • Fabry disease (FD) is an X-linked lysosomal storage disorder due to α-galactosidase A deficiency.
  • Glycosphingolipid accumulation in FD causes progressive damage to kidneys, heart, and nervous system.
  • Early diagnosis and understanding pathophysiology are crucial for managing FD.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify gene expression patterns in FD patients using RNA sequencing.
  • To investigate secondary cellular pathways affected by lysosomal dysfunction in FD.
  • To explore the role of synaptic function and lipid rafts in FD pathogenesis.

Main Methods:

  • International, multicenter, cross-sectional study.
  • RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) analysis of blood samples from 50 FD patients and 50 controls.
  • Functional enrichment analysis of differentially expressed genes.

Main Results:

  • Over 400 differentially expressed genes identified, with 207 protein-coding genes, mostly overexpressed in FD.
  • Functional analysis revealed significant alterations in synaptic function, including chemical synaptic transmission and membrane potential regulation.
  • Key genes involved in voltage-gated ion channels, neurotransmitter receptors, and lipid raft-associated proteins were identified.

Conclusions:

  • Lysosomal dysfunction in FD contributes to synaptic defects.
  • Lipid rafts may play a role in the pathogenesis of FD.
  • Further research into synaptic pathology is warranted for improved FD management.