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Rethinking Gender/Sex Identity.

Anne Fausto-Sterling1

  • 1Departments of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology and Biochemistry and Gender and Sexuality Studies, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study challenges binary gender/sex development assumptions, advocating for inclusive, culturally diverse research methods. It proposes viewing gender/sex identity as relational, not fixed, for a more accurate understanding in infants and toddlers.

Keywords:
cultural developmentgender/sex developmentgender/sex indifferencegender/sex insistenceidentityinfant developmentnonbinaryphenomenologyrelational identity

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Sociology

Background:

  • Historically, gender/sex development research assumed a binary model.
  • Studies often excluded cultural diversity, focusing on Western, Educated, Industrialized, Rich, Democratic (WEIRD) populations.
  • Contemporary research on infant and toddler gender/sex identity is shaped by this limited historical context.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To advocate for new research guidelines: inclusivity, epistemic justice, materiality, and empiricism.
  • To explore methods for studying nonbinary gender/sex development in infants and toddlers.
  • To promote a relational and phenomenological understanding of identity development.

Main Methods:

  • Historical analysis of gender/sex development research.
  • Proposal of novel research guidelines and methodologies.
  • Theoretical framework for a relational, phenomenological approach to identity.

Main Results:

  • Identified limitations in traditional, binary approaches to gender/sex development.
  • Outlined strategies to make nonbinary development visible in research.
  • Proposed a shift from viewing identity as fixed to a dynamic, relational construct.

Conclusions:

  • Current research paradigms inadequately capture the complexity of gender/sex development.
  • Adopting inclusive and culturally sensitive methods is crucial.
  • Rethinking identity as a relational, phenomenological entity offers a more comprehensive understanding.