Pancreatic liposarcoma: A case report

Primary liposarcoma (LPS) of the pancreas is extremely rare. The present report describes an additional case of primary pancreatic LPS and reviews the current literature. A 40-year-old female patient that initially presented with a fever was subsequently found to have a pancreatic tumor. CT was used to identify a heterogeneous mass in the pancreatic head and body, which had a notable absence of fat components. The tumor exhibited slightly heterogeneous enhancement during the arterial phase, moderate enhancement in the venous phase and persistent enhancement in the delayed phase, with encapsulation of the common hepatic artery, splenic vein and portal vein. The patient underwent a successful distal pancreatectomy and splenectomy. Pathological examination and next-generation sequencing confirmed the diagnosis of dedifferentiated LPS (DDLPS). The present report elucidated the CT findings of this rare case of DDLPS of the pancreas, characterized by vascular invasion and progressive enhancement but without fat components, which can serve as a reference for the diagnosis of this uncommon tumor. The uncommon CT manifestation makes differentiation from pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors particularly challenging based on imaging characteristics.