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Related Concept Videos

Assessing Body Temperature - Temporal Artery01:19

Assessing Body Temperature - Temporal Artery

505
Here is a stepwise guide to assessing the body temperature at the temporal artery using a temporal artery thermometer
Step 1: Perform hand hygiene and don a fresh pair of gloves to prevent cross-infection and ensure patient safety.
Step 2: Explain the procedure to the patient to establish trust. Clear communication establishes trust with the patient, ensures they understand what to expect, promotes cooperation, and enhances comfort during the procedure.  
Step 3: Assess the patient's...
505
Temperature Measurement Sites01:14

Temperature Measurement Sites

1.4K
A thermometer measures body temperature. The common sites for measuring body temperature are the oral cavity, axillary region, temporal artery, and skin surface, such as the forehead, abdomen, and axilla. True core body temperature is assessed in the rectum, tympanic membrane, pulmonary artery, esophagus, and urinary bladder.
Oral: When assessing oral temperature, the thermometer tip should be placed under the tongue in the posterior sublingual pocket. It offers accurate readings and can be...
1.4K
Equipments Used to Measure Body Temperature01:13

Equipments Used to Measure Body Temperature

910
Body temperature can be assessed using various devices and measured in Celsius or Fahrenheit.
Glass-bulb Thermometer:
Glass-bulb thermometers are hollow glass tubes with a bulb tip containing liquid such as ethanol or mercury. Historically, glass bulb mercury thermometers were the standard device to measure body temperature. Today, mercury thermometers are prohibited in many countries due to the hazardous effects of mercury and the risk of exposure if the glass bulb breaks. In general,...
910
Factors Affecting Body Temperature01:28

Factors Affecting Body Temperature

3.6K
As a nurse, it is vital to understand the factors affecting body temperature to monitor variations and effectively evaluate deviations from regular.
Factors may  include:
3.6K
Decreased Body Temperature01:29

Decreased Body Temperature

580
A decreased body temperature can occur in patients with hypothermia and frostbite. Heat loss with extended cold exposure overpowers the body's ability to create heat, resulting in hypothermia. Core temperature readings help classify hypothermia. Mild hypothermia is temperatures between 32 °C (89.6 °F) and 35°C (95 °F) and is caused by impaired thermoregulation. Moderate hypothermia is temperatures between 28 C (82.4 °F) and 32 °C (89.6 °F) caused by...
580
Assessing Body Temperature - Rectal01:27

Assessing Body Temperature - Rectal

2.6K
Rectal temperature measurement is considered the most precise method for assessing core body temperature and typically registers higher than oral temperature. For adults, the rectal thermometer should be inserted 1 to 1.5 inches into the rectum to obtain the most accurate reading.
Follow these steps for rectal temperature assessment:
Step 1: Perform hand hygiene and don clean gloves to prevent cross-infection.
Step 2: Position the patient in a side-lying position to better visualize the rectal...
2.6K

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Updated: May 13, 2025

Esophageal Heat Transfer for Patient Temperature Control and Targeted Temperature Management
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Racial Differences in Temporal Thermometry and Association with Delayed Sepsis Bundle Care.

João Matos, Mahmoud Alwakeel, Sicheng Hao

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    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Temporal thermometers may miss fever or hypothermia in Asian, Black, and Hispanic patients, delaying sepsis care. Routine validation with contact thermometers is recommended to ensure accurate temperature readings and equitable patient management.

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    Area of Science:

    • Medical Devices
    • Clinical Informatics
    • Health Equity

    Background:

    • Accurate temperature monitoring is critical for early sepsis diagnosis.
    • Concerns exist regarding the accuracy of temporal artery (forehead) thermometers across different racial and ethnic groups.
    • Disparities in sepsis identification and management may be linked to thermometry inaccuracies.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate the performance of temporal artery thermometry across diverse racial and ethnic populations.
    • To assess the impact of potential temporal thermometry inaccuracies on the initiation of the sepsis management bundle (SEP-1).

    Main Methods:

    • Retrospective cohort study analyzing electronic health records from 123 U.S. hospitals (2008-2024).
    • Included patients with paired temporal and oral/core temperature measurements within one hour.
    • Defined 'hidden fever' and 'hidden hypothermia' based on discrepancies between temporal and core measurements.

    Main Results:

    • Analysis of 6,921 paired measurements from 4,248 hospitalizations revealed higher rates of 'hidden hyper/hypothermia' (HHH) in Black and Hispanic/Latino patients compared to White patients.
    • Adjusted odds ratios indicated Black patients (1.760) and Hispanic/Latino patients (2.183) were significantly more likely to experience HHH.
    • Patients with HHH experienced significantly delayed initiation of key SEP-1 interventions (cultures, antibiotics, lactate measurement) compared to those with accurate readings.

    Conclusions:

    • Sole reliance on temporal artery thermometers can lead to missed fever or hypothermia, particularly in Asian, Black, and Hispanic patients.
    • These inaccuracies are associated with delays in sepsis care bundle initiation, potentially impacting patient outcomes and hospital compliance.
    • Routine validation of temporal thermometers with contact thermometers is crucial to mitigate health disparities and ensure timely sepsis management.