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Assessment of longitudinal systolic function using tissue motion annular displacement in cats with hypertrophic
Nadthagarn Glaewketgarn1, Sirilak Disatian Surachetpong1
1Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Insights
Tissue Motion Annular Displacement (TMAD) revealed significant left ventricular (LV) longitudinal systolic dysfunction in cats with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). TMAD is a sensitive and repeatable method for assessing feline HCM.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Cardiology
- Echocardiography
- Cardiovascular Physiology
Background:
- Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a common cardiac disease in cats.
- Accurate assessment of left ventricular (LV) systolic function is crucial for diagnosing and managing feline HCM.
- Existing methods may not fully capture longitudinal systolic function.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate left ventricular (LV) longitudinal systolic function in cats with HCM using Tissue Motion Annular Displacement (TMAD).
- To compare TMAD measurements between cats with HCM and healthy controls.
- To determine the sensitivity and repeatability of TMAD for detecting LV dysfunction in feline HCM.
Main Methods:
- Echocardiographic assessment including 2D, M-mode, pulsed-wave Doppler, and tissue Doppler imaging.
- Measurement of global TMAD and percentage (%) global TMAD in 21 HCM cats and 26 healthy control cats.
- Correlation analysis with global longitudinal strain and assessment of intraclass correlation coefficient for TMAD repeatability.
Main Results:
- Mean global TMAD and % global TMAD were significantly decreased in the HCM group compared to controls (P <0.001).
- LV fractional shortening did not differ significantly between groups (P = 0.061).
- Global TMAD and % global TMAD showed significant correlation with global longitudinal strain (P <0.001).
Conclusions:
- Global TMAD and % global TMAD are significantly reduced in cats with HCM, indicating LV longitudinal systolic dysfunction.
- TMAD is a sensitive and repeatable echocardiographic technique for evaluating LV longitudinal systolic function in feline HCM.
- TMAD offers valuable insights into systolic mechanics beyond traditional measures like LV fractional shortening.
Abstract:
ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to investigate left ventricular (LV) longitudinal systolic function in cats with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) and healthy control cats using tissue motion annular displacement (TMAD).MethodsThe study included 26 control cats and 21 HCM cats. All cats underwent assessment using two-dimensional echocardiography, M-mode echocardiography, pulsed-wave Doppler, tissue Doppler imaging techniques, longitudinal strain and TMAD.ResultsGlobal TMAD and percentage (%) global TMAD were not influenced by breed, sex, age or heart rate. Mean global TMAD and % global TMAD significantly decreased in the HCM group (2.86 ± 0.86 mm and 11.46% ± 3.37%, respectively) compared with the control group (3.95 ± 0.89 mm and 16.12% ± 2.94%, respectively) (P <0.001 for both), suggesting LV longitudinal systolic dysfunction in HCM cats. LV fractional shortening showed no difference between the control (52.76% ± 11.63%) and the HCM groups (59.80% ± 13.51%) (P = 0.061). Global TMAD and % global TMAD were significantly correlated with global longitudinal strain (P <0.001). The intraclass correlation coefficient of global TMAD and % global TMAD was considered moderate.Conclusions and relevanceGlobal TMAD and % global TMAD were significantly decreased in cats with HCM compared with the control group, and were sensitive and repeatable techniques for evaluating LV longitudinal systolic dysfunction in cats with HCM.
