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Prevalence of Symptom Overreporting in the Structured Inventory of Malingered Symptomatology (SIMS) in Clinical

Esteban Puente-López1, David Pina2, Brechje Dandachi-FitzGerald3

  • 1Universidad de Valladolid (Spain).

Psicothema
|April 16, 2025
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

The Structured Inventory of Malingered Symptomatology (SIMS) shows a high failure rate in clinical settings. Further research is needed to distinguish true from false positives in these validity test results.

Area of Science:

  • Psychological assessment
  • Clinical psychology
  • Neuropsychology

Background:

  • Symptom validity tests are crucial in clinical assessments.
  • Failure on these tests can occur in various clinical contexts.
  • No prior meta-analysis has quantified the SIMS failure rate in clinical settings.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the pooled failure rate of the Structured Inventory of Malingered Symptomatology (SIMS) in clinical assessments.
  • To investigate potential factors moderating SIMS failure rates.

Main Methods:

  • A binomial-normal random-effects meta-analysis was employed.
  • Included 34 studies and 40 samples, totaling 8844 patients.
  • Focused on non-forensic clinical evaluations.

Main Results:

  • The overall estimated failure rate for SIMS was 36% (95% CI: 30%-43%).
  • High heterogeneity was observed (I² = 96.6%, p < .001).
  • The mean total SIMS score was 15.9 (SD = 5.2).

Conclusions:

  • Clinical patient populations exhibit an elevated failure rate on the SIMS.
  • Distinguishing true from false positives remains a significant methodological challenge.
  • Future studies require careful planning, and interpretation of validity test failure rates necessitates caution.

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