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Does foreign language learning influence EFL learners' cultural intelligence (CQ)? A mixed-methods approach to
1School of the English Language and Culture, Xiamen University Tan Kah Kee College, Zhangzhou, Fujian 363123, People's Republic of China.
Acta Psychologica
|April 16, 2025
Summary
Learning a foreign language, like English, boosts cultural intelligence (CQ). English majors showed higher CQ, particularly in cognitive aspects, and identified key factors enhancing intercultural awareness.
Area of Science:
- Linguistics
- Psychology
- Sociology
Background:
- Cultural intelligence (CQ) is crucial for effective intercultural communication.
- Foreign language learning is often linked to developing intercultural competence.
- Understanding this relationship can inform pedagogical approaches.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the correlation between foreign language learning and CQ in Chinese EFL learners.
- To identify specific factors contributing to enhanced intercultural awareness through language acquisition.
Main Methods:
- Mixed-method approach combining quantitative statistical analysis and qualitative semi-structured interviews.
- Survey administered to 291 English as a foreign language (EFL) learners in China.
- Thematic analysis of interview data to identify key contributing factors.
Main Results:
- English-major EFL learners demonstrated significantly higher CQ scores compared to non-English majors.
- The cognitive dimension of CQ was particularly pronounced in English-major learners.
- Five key factors emerged from qualitative data: cultural knowledge, awareness of cultural differences, open mindset, cognitive recognition of diversity, and intercultural engagement motivation.
Conclusions:
- Foreign language learning, particularly English, positively correlates with enhanced cultural intelligence.
- Specific cognitive and affective factors play a vital role in developing intercultural awareness during language learning.
- Findings suggest integrating intercultural components into EFL curricula can foster higher CQ.
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