Reducing childhood externalizing behavior: A feasibility RCT of the being a Parent program

Rising rates of childhood behavioral problems are a global concern and in Portugal cases of behavioral problems in youth have been following international trends. Parenting interventions are widely regarded as one of the most effective ways to address externalizing behaviors early on, and thus their dissemination is crucial. This paper presents a feasibility randomized controlled trial (RCT) conducted in Portugal to evaluate the effectiveness of a parenting intervention for childhood behavioral problems. Our goals were threefold: a) assess feasibility parameters; b) evaluate program fidelity and acceptability; and c) examine the program's potential impact on child behavior, parenting skills, parental concern, and parental competence.

A double-blinded, two-arm design was employed. Fifty-five families of children aged 2-11 years old who reported difficulties managing their child's behavior were included. Parents were randomly assigned to either the intervention group or a waitlist control group, and the intervention group participated in the eight-week "Being a Parent" program (Portuguese version: Ser Pai & Ser Mãe). Data were collected at two time points (pre- and post-intervention) using quantitative measures.

Findings confirmed the program's successful implementation in Portugal and demonstrated significant positive effects, particularly in reducing externalizing behavior, as well as aggressive behavior, and increasing parental competence, more specifically parental satisfaction.

This study represents the first trial of the Being a Parent program conducted outside the UK, and highlights its potential for broader international application. Key challenges and clinical implications are also addressed.

ClinicalTrials.gov (nº NCT05626244).