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Updated: May 13, 2025
A Cognitive Fusion-guided Prostate Biopsy Using Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Transrectal Ultrasound
Published on: March 21, 2025
Current and future directions in theranostics for neuroendocrine prostate cancer
Gokce Belge Bilgin1, Fabrice Lucien-Matteoni2, Aadel A Chaudhuri3
1Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic Rochester, MN, USA.
Abstract:
Neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC) is rare at the time of initial diagnosis but much more common in patients treated with the combination of androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) and androgen receptor pathway inhibitors (ARPI) such as abiraterone and enzalutamide. NEPC is typically characterized by the loss of prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) expression while exhibiting variable neuroendocrine markers. Recent advancements in nuclear medicine have provided a promising avenue for the development of molecular imaging techniques and targeted therapies tailored to NEPC. This review examines the current and future role of theranostics in the diagnosis and management of NEPC and explores potential future directions in this rapidly evolving field.
Insights
Neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC) is rare initially but emerges after treatments like androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) and androgen receptor pathway inhibitors (ARPI). Theranostics offers new molecular imaging and targeted therapy options for managing NEPC.
Area of Science:
- Nuclear medicine
- Oncology
- Molecular imaging
Background:
- Neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC) is uncommon at diagnosis but frequently develops following androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) and androgen receptor pathway inhibitor (ARPI) treatment.
- NEPC often shows reduced prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) expression and varied neuroendocrine markers.
- Recent nuclear medicine advances are enabling novel molecular imaging and targeted therapies for NEPC.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the current and future applications of theranostics in NEPC diagnosis and management.
- To explore emerging directions in NEPC theranostic research.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of theranostic applications in NEPC.
- Analysis of current and future molecular imaging techniques.
- Examination of targeted therapy strategies for NEPC.
Main Results:
- Theranostics shows significant promise for NEPC diagnosis and treatment.
- Molecular imaging can identify NEPC characteristics, guiding therapy.
- Targeted therapies are being developed based on NEPC-specific markers.
Conclusions:
- Theranostics represents a rapidly advancing field with substantial potential for NEPC.
- Future research should focus on refining theranostic approaches for improved NEPC patient outcomes.
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