Regulatory T cell therapy for Graft-versus-Host Disease

Graft-versus-Host Disease (GvHD) is the main cause of morbidity and mortality of allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT). Conventional immunosuppressive pharmacotherapy remains the backbone of GvHD prevention and treatment with suboptimal outcomes especially for patients with refractory disease. Adoptive immunotherapy with regulatory T-cells (Treg) stands as an alternative approach that aims to restore immune tolerance and circumvent prolonged immunosuppression albeit preserving the beneficial Graft-versus-Leukaemia (GvL) effect. In this review, we summarise recent knowledge on Treg biology, clinical applications of various Tregs subtypes in the setting of GvHD and future endeavours of the field.