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The Use of Reverse Phase Protein Arrays RPPA to Explore Protein Expression Variation within Individual Renal Cell Cancers
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Biomarker-informed care for patients with renal cell carcinoma

Mackenzie B McKinnon1, Brian I Rini1,2, Scott M Haake3,4,5

  • 1Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.

Nature Cancer
|April 16, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Biomarkers predicting immune checkpoint inhibitor response are needed for clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). This study reviews existing biomarkers and emerging strategies like gene expression signatures for ccRCC treatment.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Immunotherapy
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the most common kidney cancer subtype.
  • Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have improved ccRCC treatment outcomes.
  • Predictive biomarkers for ICI therapy in ccRCC are currently lacking.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore biomarkers used in other cancers that could predict response to ICIs.
  • To understand why these biomarkers are ineffective in ccRCC.
  • To identify and prioritize emerging biomarkers for ccRCC, including gene expression signatures.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of biomarkers for ICI response in various tumor types.
  • Analysis of reasons for biomarker ineffectiveness in ccRCC.
  • Review of emerging predictive and prognostic biomarkers for ccRCC.

Main Results:

  • Biomarkers effective in other cancers often fail in ccRCC due to tumor-specific biology.
  • Gene expression signatures show promise as predictive biomarkers in ccRCC.
  • Further research is needed to validate novel biomarkers.

Conclusions:

  • There is a critical need for validated biomarkers to guide ICI therapy in ccRCC.
  • Emerging biomarkers, particularly gene expression signatures, warrant further investigation.
  • Personalized treatment strategies for ccRCC could be enhanced by reliable predictive markers.

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