Scalable one-pot synthesis of aminated reduced graphene oxide for high-performance supercapacitor electrodes

Functionalizing graphene by adding amine groups can significantly enhance its wettability and overall properties. However, traditional methods for introducing -NH₂ typically require lengthy processing times, high temperatures, and pressures, which limit their suitability for large-scale production. This work presents the fastest method reported to date for synthesizing aminated reduced graphene oxide (NH₂-rGO) under moderate temperatures, completing the entire process in just ∼9 h. The nitrogen content of the NH₂-rGO is tunable from 2 to 6% and the material also exhibits excellent electrochemical properties. A symmetric supercapacitor based on the prepared material demonstrated a specific capacitance of 322 F g^-1 at 1 A g^-1, which is a 5-fold increase compared to rGO. It also delivered an impressive volumetric energy density of 48.16 Wh L^-1, which is nearly seven times higher than rGO (6.89 Wh L^-1). Further, NH₂-rGO could also be utilized in biosensing, photovoltaics, catalysis, and as a base for further chemical modifications.