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Sources and extent of pollution.

Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences

|July 18, 1979

Summary

Defining pollutants and assessing ecosystem disruption are crucial for pollution control. Understanding pollutant sources, distribution, and environmental fate is key to predicting impacts.

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Area of Science:

Environmental Science
Ecosystem Dynamics
Chemical Fate and Transport

Background:

Establishing a clear definition of pollutants is a prerequisite for identifying pollution sources and extent.
Assessing the disruption of global ecosystem cycles, including residence times and assimilation capacities, is essential for effective control systems.

Purpose of the Study:

To categorize sources of man-made and naturally occurring chemicals defined as pollutants.
To discuss specific pollutant examples, their environmental distribution, and dilution mechanisms.
To model pollutant behavior, including decay, reaction, deposition, accumulation, and remobilization.

Main Methods:

Categorization of pollutant sources (man-made and natural).
Detailed discussion of specific pollutant examples (e.g., sulfur dioxide, PCBs, radioactive waste).
Modeling of fluid mixing mechanisms to predict environmental distribution and effects.
Analysis of pollutant disappearance (decay, reaction, deposition) and reappearance (accumulation, remobilization) pathways.

Main Results:

Pollutant sources are categorized for reference.
Environmental distribution and dilution are governed by fluid mixing mechanisms.
Predictive models can estimate effects at specific points, considering pollutant disappearance.
Complete scientific understanding is required to predict pollutant reappearance.

Conclusions:

A standardized definition of pollutants and assessment of ecosystem disruption are fundamental for pollution control strategies.
Understanding the complex pathways of pollutant distribution, transformation, and fate is critical for accurate environmental impact prediction.
Further research into pollutant remobilization and accumulation mechanisms is necessary for comprehensive environmental management.

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