The Correlation and Predictive Value of Prognostic Nutrition Index with Vasovagal Syncope in Children

To investigate the correlation between prognostic nutritional index (PNI) and vasovagal syncope (VVS) in children, as well as its predictive value. 151 children (68 males, aged 4-18 years) diagnosed with VVS due to unexplained syncope and presyncope in our hospital from January 2022 to December 2023 were the study group, 152 healthy children (72 males, aged 7-14 years) who underwent physical examination in the same hospital during the same period of time were matched as the control group. Serum albumin (SA), serum globulin (SG), albumin/globulin (AGR), and peripheral blood lymphocyte absolute count (Lc) were measured, and PNI was calculated. ①PNI (51.35 vs. 55.28), SA (40.90 g/L vs. 43.05 g/L), AGR (1.65 vs. 1.75), and Lc (2.08 × 10⁹/L vs. 2.49 × 10⁹/L) were decreased in VVS group compared with control group (P < 0.05). ②Predictive analysis of VVS by PNI: The area under receiver operator characteristic curve of PNI prediction of VVS was 0.814, which indicated that PNI had moderate predictive value for VVS diagnosis. When PNI cutoff value was 55.00, the sensitivity, specificity, and Youden index of predicting VVS were 90.73%, 54.61%, and 0.45, respectively. ③PNI (OR = 0.65, 95%CI: 0.58-0.74, P < 0.001) is also as an independent protective factor for VVS. PNI is correlated with VVS in children, holds predictive value for the diagnosis of pediatric VVS, and serves as an independent protective factor for VVS occurrence in children.