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Examining the Interaction Between Cognitive Reserve, Depression, and Sleep Quality: A Mixed-Method Study in an Aging
Barbara Colombo1,2, Manuel Leitner3, Simona C S Caravita4
1School of Psychology, Fielding Graduate University, Santa Barbara, California, USA.
Summary
Cognitive reserve and emotional focus predict sleep quality in older adults. Higher cognitive reserve and positive emotional language improve sleep, while depression negatively impacts it.
Area of Science:
- Gerontology
- Sleep Science
- Psychology
Background:
- Sleep disturbances and insomnia are common in the elderly population.
- Identifying factors influencing sleep quality is crucial for this demographic.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine predictors of sleep quality in older adults.
- To explore the interplay between cognitive reserve, depression, and sleep.
Main Methods:
- A mixed-methods approach using an online survey with 152 participants (aged 65-86).
- Assessed sleep quality (PSQI), depressive symptoms (BDI), and cognitive reserve (CoRe-T).
- Included qualitative analysis of participants' narratives on sleep experiences.
Main Results:
- Cognitive reserve (CR), depression, and demographics explained 79.3% of sleep quality variance.
- Older age and depression predicted poorer sleep; higher CR predicted better sleep.
- Narratives explained an additional 5.1% variance; negative emotions and present focus correlated with poorer sleep.
Conclusions:
- Cognitive reserve acts as a protective factor against sleep problems in aging individuals.
- Subjective sleep narratives provide valuable insights for developing prevention and treatment strategies.
- Interventions should consider emotional well-being and cognitive function for improving sleep in older adults.
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