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Updated: May 11, 2025

Following the Dynamics of Structural Variants in Experimentally Evolved Populations
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Following the Dynamics of Structural Variants in Experimentally Evolved Populations

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Adaptation repeatedly uses complex structural genomic variation.

Zachariah Gompert1, Jeffrey L Feder2, Thomas L Parchman3

  • 1Department of Biology, Utah State University, Logan, UT, USA.

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|April 17, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Structural variation, specifically translocations, repeatedly drives local adaptation in stick insect cryptic color patterns. These genetic changes arose independently on different mountains, highlighting a mechanism for recurrent evolution.

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Area of Science:

  • Genomics
  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Population Genetics

Background:

  • Structural variations are common in genomes, but their role in local adaptation is not fully understood.
  • Understanding the genetic basis of adaptation is crucial for evolutionary biology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of structural variation in repeated local adaptation of cryptic color patterns in stick insects.
  • To determine if chromosomal rearrangements underlie adaptive divergence in distinct populations.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized phased genome assemblies to analyze structural variations.
  • Compared genomic data from stick insect populations on two different mountains.
  • Investigated the association between structural variations and color pattern divergence.

Main Results:

  • Adaptive divergence in cryptic color patterns is repeatedly driven by structural variations, specifically translocations with inversions.
  • These translocations differ in size and origin between the two mountain populations but show partial overlap.
  • The structural variations are subject to divergent selection and evolved without interspecies introgression.

Conclusions:

  • Structural variation, particularly translocations, provides a mechanism for repeated adaptation.
  • Independent origins of similar structural variations can lead to parallel adaptive evolution.
  • This study elucidates the role of complex genomic rearrangements in driving rapid, recurrent local adaptation.