The effect of toluene exposure on the fine structure of motor cortex pyramidal neurons in different aged rats: An...

Toluene is known to affect the central nervous system. When inhaled, it can rapidly enter the bloodstream and reach the brain. Exposure to toluene may have a specific effect on pyramidal neurons in the motor cortex, as these neurons play a critical role in the control of voluntary motor movements. The effects of toluene on neurons may vary depending on several factors, including the level and duration of exposure, the age of the exposed individual, and individual susceptibility. The effects of toluene on the morphology of neurons in the motor cortex were studied in adolescent (P28-30) and adult (P110-120) male rats of different ages. Experimental rats were exposed to toluene vapor at a concentration of 2000 ppm for 3-4 min per day for 40 days. The number of pyramidal neurons in the motor cortex and their fine structure were studied. The results showed that in adults there are fewer changes in the fine structure of neurons, mainly affecting the mitochondria, where individual cristae are damaged. The changes were much more pronounced in rats that inhaled toluene at the age of one month. Here there were changes in the structure of synapses, severe damages of mitochondria, which leads to degenerative changes in neurons and ultimately to neuronal death.