Topical application of Cap-loaded hydrogels inhibits corneal neovascularization

Corneal neovascularization (CNV) is a significant risk factor for visual impairment. The efficiency and side effects of current CNV treatments, such as steroids and antivascular endothelial growth factor agents, are still debated. In addition, the bioavailability of topical drugs is usually hindered by tears, blinking, and the corneal anatomy. Therefore, finding a new therapeutic strategy is important. This study aimed to examine the function of the new therapeutic agent capmatinib (Cap), a highly selective inhibitor of MET that plays an important role in angiogenesis, in treating CNV. In this study, we first investigated the role of the HGF/c-MET axis in CNV and the therapeutic effect of Cap in a corneal alkali burn model. We synthesised a genipin-crosslinked gelatine-based hydrogel containing Cap (Cap-Gel). We observed a more significant therapeutic effect with the Cap-Gel than with Cap alone, as well as the alleviation of inflammatory infiltration and fibrosis. On day 14, the Cap-Gel group showed the most significant inhibition of corneal neovascularization, with the shortest neovessel length (0.48 ± 0.13 mm), smallest CNV area (3.77 ± 0.78 mm²), and lowest clinical assessment score (3.33 ± 0.52). Taken together, our results suggest that Cap-Gel could be a promising drug candidate for treating CNV.