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Biased competition between action representations.

Søren Kyllingsbæk¹, Lucas Bjergskov Larsen², Johanna Kølle Pedersen²

¹Department of Psychology, University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Computer Science, University of Copenhagen, Denmark; CoInAct Research Group, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.

Neuropsychologia

|April 17, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

A new Generalized Biased Competition account models how cognitive processes select actions. This attention model explains efficient action selection, even with complex rewards, but reveals limitations when reward knowledge is manipulated.

Keywords:

Biased competition Cognitive control Goal-directed processing Habitual processing Mathematical cognitive model Multiple cue paradigm Reward

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Area of Science:

Cognitive Psychology
Computational Neuroscience

Background:

The biased competition account explains attention as a competition between representations.
Existing models focus on specific cognitive domains.

Purpose of the Study:

To generalize the biased competition account to all cognitive domains.
To propose a formal race model for action representation selection.
To unify understanding of intentions, routines, and habits.

Main Methods:

Developed a Generalized Biased Competition account.
Proposed a formal race model for action representation selection.
Conducted three experiments using a multiple cue paradigm with varying attention shifts and reward values.

Main Results:

Participants demonstrated efficient action selection, even with increased cues and reward values.
Suboptimal performance emerged when reward contingencies and knowledge were manipulated.
The model successfully explained goal neglect and failures of executive control.

Conclusions:

The Generalized Biased Competition account offers a unified framework for understanding action selection across cognition.
Intentions, routines, and habits can be viewed as variations in action representation strength and importance weights.
The model provides insights into the mechanisms underlying attention, executive control, and behavioral regulation.