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Gastrointestinal and hepatic manifestations among hospitalized COVID-19 children
Reza Sinaei1,2, Ali Hosseininasab1, Parvin Abbaslou1
1Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
Insights
Gastrointestinal symptoms like diarrhea and vomiting are common in pediatric COVID-19. While appendicitis showed a link to COVID-19 severity, GI and liver issues did not correlate with disease severity in children.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Gastroenterology
- Infectious Diseases
- Viral Hepatitis
Background:
- Gastrointestinal (GI) manifestations are common in COVID-19.
- Understanding these symptoms is crucial for diagnosis and management.
- Pediatric GI and hepatic involvement in COVID-19 requires further investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate GI and hepatic manifestations in children with COVID-19.
- To identify factors associated with disease severity and prognosis in pediatric COVID-19 patients with GI symptoms.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective study of 163 children (1 month to 16 years) diagnosed with COVID-19.
- Analysis of clinical symptoms, laboratory variables, and appendectomy status.
- Data extracted from medical records and analyzed using SPSS software.
Main Results:
- The most frequent GI symptoms were watery diarrhea (46.6%), vomiting (45.4%), and abdominal pain (32.5%).
- COVID-19 severity was significantly associated with appendicitis (P=0.03).
- No significant relationship found between liver enzymes, disease severity, and PICU admission.
Conclusions:
- GI symptoms are frequent in pediatric COVID-19.
- Appendicitis may be linked to COVID-19 severity in children.
- The study could not establish a clear relationship between GI/hepatic manifestations and disease severity in this cohort.
Background:
Gastrointestinal (GI) manifestations have been reported as the most extra-pulmonary manifestations of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Recognizing the various manifestations, especially as presenting symptoms of COVID-19 is of great importance. We aimed to investigate the GI and hepatic manifestations of COVID - 19 in children, determining the factors associated with the disease severity and prognosis related to GI symptoms.
Methods:
In this retrospective study, children aged 1-month to 16-years who were admitted to Afzalipour Hospital in Kerman, Iran. for a period of one year (from October 2020 to October 2021) with the diagnosis of COVID-19 were included. The comparison of clinical symptoms and laboratory variables in the appendectomy and non-appendectomy groups were evaluated. Patients' information was extracted from the patient's medical record and analyzed in SPSS statistical. software.
Results:
A total of 163 patients (107 boy and 56 girls) with mean age of 4.35 ± 3.86 (range 0.08 to 16) years were included. The most frequent GI symptoms at the time of admission were watery diarrhea (46.6%), vomiting (45.4%), and abdominal pain (32.5%). There was no significant relationship between clinical symptoms and laboratory variables in the appendectomy and non-appendectomy groups, but the severity of COVID-19 was significantly associated with appendicitis (P = 0.03). There was no statistically significant relationship between liver enzyme levels and disease severity and pediatric intensive care unit admission.
Conclusions:
Although most COVID-19 patients present with GI manifestations, we could not determine the relationship between GI and hepatic manifestations and disease severity in this study.
Clinical Trial Number:
Not applicable.
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