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Oral Health and Sociodemographic Aspects in Transgender People: A Descriptive Exploratory Study
Alex Moreira Mélo1, Melissa de Oliveira Melchior1, Fabiane Carneiro Lopes-Olhê1
1Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Journal of Oral Rehabilitation
|April 18, 2025
Summary
This study found high rates of gingivitis and temporomandibular disorder (TMD) in transgender individuals. TMD was more common in trans men and linked to alcohol and anxiety, emphasizing integrated care needs.
Area of Science:
- Oral health research
- Transgender health
- Mental health and oral conditions
Background:
- Transgender individuals may face unique oral health challenges.
- Understanding oral health status before gender-affirming hormone therapy (GAHT) is crucial.
- Periodontal disease and temporomandibular disorder (TMD) are common oral health issues.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate oral health in transgender men and women before GAHT.
- To determine the prevalence of periodontal disease and TMD.
- To investigate the influence of alcohol consumption and anxiety on oral health outcomes.
Main Methods:
- Cross-sectional, descriptive exploratory study of transgender individuals over 18.
- Participants assessed for periodontal health (PSR), TMD (DC/TMD), and anxiety (GAD-7).
- Data analyzed using descriptive statistics, chi-squared, T-test, and logistic regression.
Main Results:
- High levels of gingivitis and plaque accumulation observed in all participants.
- TMD prevalence was 83.33% in trans men and 47.62% in trans women (p=0.046).
- Alcohol consumption (p=0.049) and anxiety (p=0.043) were significantly associated with TMD, particularly in trans men.
Conclusions:
- Alarming gingivitis levels necessitate periodontal interventions.
- High TMD prevalence, especially in trans men, requires attention.
- Integrated dental and mental health care is essential for transgender populations.
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