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Updated: May 11, 2025

Extracellular Glucose Depletion as an Indirect Measure of Glucose Uptake in Cells and Tissues Ex Vivo
Published on: April 6, 2022
Estimated glucose disposal rate mediates the association between Life's Crucial 9 and congestive heart failure: a
Liping Wang1, Yaying Xu2, Lele Chen3
1Department of Cardiovascular, The First Affiliated Hospital, and College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China.
Insights
Higher Life's Crucial 9 (LC9) scores and estimated glucose disposal rate (eGDR) are linked to lower congestive heart failure (CHF) risk. eGDR significantly mediates this association, suggesting improved insulin resistance contributes to cardiovascular health.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Metabolic Health
- Public Health
Background:
- Life's Crucial 9 (LC9) is an emerging cardiovascular health (CVH) indicator.
- Estimated glucose disposal rate (eGDR) reflects insulin resistance (IR).
- The relationship between LC9, eGDR, and congestive heart failure (CHF) was previously unestablished.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the associations between LC9, eGDR, and CHF prevalence.
- To explore the mediating role of eGDR in the LC9-CHF relationship.
Main Methods:
- Cross-sectional analysis of 22,699 US adults from NHANES (2005-2018).
- Weighted linear and logistic regression models were used.
- Mediation analysis assessed the indirect effect of LC9 on CHF via eGDR.
Main Results:
- LC9 was positively associated with eGDR (β: 1.11, P < 0.0001).
- Both LC9 (OR: 0.76, P < 0.001) and eGDR (OR: 0.81, P < 0.0001) were negatively associated with CHF prevalence.
- eGDR mediated 66% of the association between LC9 and CHF.
Conclusions:
- Higher LC9 and eGDR are associated with reduced CHF risk.
- eGDR plays a significant mediating role, suggesting improved insulin sensitivity is key.
- These findings highlight the potential of LC9 and eGDR in managing cardiovascular health and preventing CHF.
Background:
Life's Crucial 9 (LC9) is the latest indicator of cardiovascular health (CVH), and the estimated glucose disposal rate (eGDR) is a non-invasive indicator of insulin resistance (IR). However, the relationships between LC9 and eGDR and congestive heart failure (CHF) remain unknown.
Methods:
In this cross-sectional study, participants aged ≥20 years in the NHANES database from 2005 to 2018 were analyzed. Weighted linear regression, logistic regression, subgroup analysis, and restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis were employed to analyze the associations among LC9, eGDR, and CHF. Mediation analysis was used to explore the mediating role of eGDR in the association between LC9 and CHF.
Results:
A total of 22,699 adult participants were included, among whom 661 suffered from CHF. The mean age of the participants was 47.52 (0.26) years old, with 11186 (48.68%) males and 11513 (51.32%) females. The average value of LC9 was 71.16 (0.22), and that of eGDR was 7.91 (0.04). After adjusting for confounding factors, linear regression showed that LC9 was independently and positively associated with eGDR (β: 1.11, 95%CI: 1.07 - 1.14, P < 0.0001). Logistic regression indicated that both LC9 (OR: 0.76, 95%CI: 0.65 - 0.88, P < 0.001) and eGDR (OR: 0.81, 95%CI: 0.76 - 0.86, P < 0.0001) were independently and negatively associated with the prevalence of CHF. Mediation analysis revealed that the association between LC9 and CHF was mainly mediated by eGDR, with a proportion of 66%.
Conclusion:
This study suggests that higher LC9 scores and eGDR values imply a lower prevalence of CHF. Meanwhile, eGDR is the main intermediate factor in the association between LC9 and CHF, indicating that good CVH may reduce the prevalence of CHF by improving IR.
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