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Updated: May 11, 2025

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Maternal Adiponectin Decreases Placenta Nutrient Transport in Mice.

Manisha Samad1, Benjamin Ulfenborg2, Sahar Soleimani Sani2

  • 1Department of Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.

FASEB Journal : Official Publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology
|April 18, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Elevated adiponectin in obese pregnant mice reduced nutrient transfer to fetuses, causing restricted growth. Optimal adiponectin levels are crucial for healthy pregnancy outcomes.

Keywords:
adiponectinamino acid transportersfetal developmentmiceobesityplacentapregnancy

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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive biology
  • Metabolic disorders
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Obesity and gestational diabetes are linked to altered adiponectin levels.
  • Adiponectin plays a role in metabolic regulation during pregnancy.
  • The placenta's role in mediating adiponectin's effects on fetal development is not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of elevated maternal and fetal adiponectin on placental function, fetal growth, and metabolism.
  • To determine how adiponectin influences nutrient transfer in obese pregnancies.
  • To explore the consequences of altered adiponectin on fetal liver development.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized adiponectin-overexpressing (APNtg) and wild-type mice on normal or high-fat/high-sucrose diets.
  • Administered nutrient tracers (lipid, glucose, amino acid) to pregnant dams.
  • Performed global proteomics on placental and fetal liver tissues.

Main Results:

  • Increased serum adiponectin (40-50%) reduced fetal growth in obese dams on a high-fat/high-sucrose diet.
  • Placental nutrient uptake (glucose, lipid, amino acid) and amino acid transporter expression decreased in APNtg dams on the high-fat/high-sucrose diet.
  • Fetal livers showed downregulated lipid and amino acid metabolic pathways, indicating an energy deficit.

Conclusions:

  • Elevated maternal adiponectin in obese dams impairs placental nutrient transfer, leading to fetal growth restriction and altered fetal liver function.
  • Maternal adiponectin levels are a primary determinant of placental function.
  • Maintaining optimal adiponectin concentrations is essential to prevent pregnancy complications like fetal growth restriction.